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In vitro analysis of the microbiological sealing of tapered implants after mechanical cycling

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the mechanical behavior and bacterial microleakage at the implant/abutment-tapered interface following mechanical cycling.

Materials and methods

Two groups of screwless (Morse taper) implants (G1 and G2) and two groups of prosthetic screwed implants (G3 and G4) were tested. One group from each model (G2 and G4) were submitted to mechanical cycling, 500,000 cycles per sample, at a load of 120 N at 2 Hz prior to analysis. Microbiological analysis was performed via immersion of all samples in an Escherichia coli-containing suspension, incubated at 37 °C. After 14 days, the abutments were removed from their respective implants, registering the removal force (G1 and G2) or reverse torque (G3 and G4), and the presence of bacterial leakage was evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to analyze the tapered surfaces of the selected samples. The Student t, binomial, and G tests were used for statistical analysis at a 5 % significance level.

Results

The results showed no significant difference between removal force, reverse torque, and contamination values when comparing implants of the same type. However, when the four groups were compared, contamination differed significantly (p = 0.044), with G1 having the least number of contaminated samples (8.3 %). SEM analysis showed superficial defects and damage.

Conclusions

The abutment removal force or torque was not affected by mechanical cycling. Bacterial sealing of the implant/abutment tapered interface was not effective for any condition analyzed. Imprecise machining of implant parts does not allow a sufficient contact area between surfaces to provide effective sealing and prevent bacterial leakage.

Clinical relevance

The microscopic gap caused by unsatisfactory implant/abutment adaptation, surface irregularities, and plastic deformation of all parts enabled bacterial contamination of the oral implants.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Gilca Lacerda Saba and Tatiana Ricci da Silva for their excellent technical expertise.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oral Implantology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    Deceles Cristina Costa Alves, Paulo Sérgio Perri de Carvalho & Eduardo Vedovatto

  2. Materials Science Department, Instituto Militar de Engenharia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Carlos Nelson Elias

  3. Department of Oral Pathology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    Elizabeth Ferreira Martinez

Authors
  1. Deceles Cristina Costa Alves
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  2. Paulo Sérgio Perri de Carvalho
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  3. Carlos Nelson Elias
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  4. Eduardo Vedovatto
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Deceles Cristina Costa Alves.

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Conflict of interest

Deceles Cristina Costa Alves declares that she has no conflict of interest. Paulo Sérgio Perri de Carvalho declares that he has no conflict of interest. Carlos Nelson Elias declares that he has no conflict of interest. Eduardo Vedovatto declares that he has no conflict of interest. Elizabeth Ferreira Martinez declares that she has no conflict of interest.

Funding

The work was supported by the authors.

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Informed consent

This is not applied in this in vitro study.

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Alves, D.C.C., de Carvalho, P.S.P., Elias, C.N. et al. In vitro analysis of the microbiological sealing of tapered implants after mechanical cycling. Clin Oral Invest 20, 2437–2445 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1744-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1744-0

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