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New dinuclear palladium(II) complexes with benzodiazines as bridging ligands: interactions with CT-DNA and BSA, and cytotoxic activity

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Abstract

Three new dinuclear Pd(II) complexes with general formula [{Pd(en)Cl}2(μ-L)](NO3)2 [L is bridging ligand quinoxaline (Pd1), quinazoline (Pd2) and phthalazine (Pd3)] were synthesized and characterized by elemental microanalyses, UV–Vis, IR and NMR (1H and 13C) spectroscopy. The interaction of dinuclear Pd1–Pd3 complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) has been monitored by viscosity measurements, UV–Vis and fluorescence emission spectroscopy in aqueous phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.40 and 37 °C. In addition, these experimental conditions have been applied to investigate the binding affinities of Pd1–Pd3 complexes to the bovine serum albumin (BSA) by fluorescence emission spectroscopy. In vitro antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of the dinuclear Pd(II) complexes have been tested on colorectal and lung cancer cell lines. All tested Pd(II) complexes had lower cytotoxic effect than cisplatin against colorectal cancer cells, but also had similar or even higher cytotoxicity than cisplatin against lung cancer cells. All complexes induced apoptosis of colorectal and lung cancer cells, while the highest antiproliferative effect exerted Pd2 complex.

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Acknowledgements

This work has been financially supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia, under Grant nos. 172036, 172011, 175071, 175069 and 175103. This research has also received funding from the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts under strategic projects programme—Grant agreement no. 01-2019-F65 and project of this institution no. F128, as well as bilateral project with PR China (06/2018).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovića 12, Kragujevac, 34000, Serbia

    Andjela A. Franich, Dušan Ćoćić, Biljana Petrović & Snežana Rajković

  2. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, Kragujevac, 34000, Serbia

    Marija D. Živković & Dragana Arsenijević

  3. Department of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, Kragujevac, 34000, Serbia

    Marija Milovanović, Aleksandar Arsenijević, Jelena Milovanović, Dragana Arsenijević & Bojana Stojanović

  4. Department of Pharmacy, Department for Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, Kragujevac, 34000, Serbia

    Jelena Milovanović

  5. Department of Pharmacy, Department for Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, Kragujevac, 34000, Serbia

    Bojana Stojanović

  6. Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia

    Miloš I. Djuran

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  1. Andjela A. Franich
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  2. Marija D. Živković
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Franich, A.A., Živković, M.D., Ćoćić, D. et al. New dinuclear palladium(II) complexes with benzodiazines as bridging ligands: interactions with CT-DNA and BSA, and cytotoxic activity. J Biol Inorg Chem 24, 1009–1022 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00775-019-01695-w

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