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Wechselwirkungen zwischen Grundwasser und Oberflächenwasser an einem Tieflandfluss (Spree)

Exchange between ground water and surface water at the lowland River Spree

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Kurzfassung

Der Wasseraustausch zwischen dem Tieflandfluss Spree und dem oberflächennahen Grundwasserleiter wurde mithilfe einer Transekte von Piezometern nahe der Ortschaft Freienbrink in Brandenburg untersucht. Die Untersuchungsfläche ist von einem Altarm und einem Abschnitt der Müggelspree umschlossen, welche am abstromseitigen Ende miteinander verbunden sind und als hydraulische Randbedingungen wirken. Die ca. 300 m lange Transekte besteht aus 12 Piezometern für das Grundwasser und 2 Messpegeln für die Oberflächengewässer, in denen die Wasserstände stündlich über ein Jahr lang aufgezeichnet wurden. Die meiste Zeit über entwässert der Aquifer in die Spree, während sich bei Hochwasserereignissen die Strömungsrichtung kurzzeitig umkehren kann, sodass sich abwechselnd In- und Exfiltrationsbedingungen ausbilden. Aufgrund der Kolmation im Altarm ist der Austausch mit dem Grundwasser dort stark eingeschränkt. Diese Befunde konnten mithilfe numerischer Modellierungen (MODFLOW) der Strömung im lokalen Grundwasserleiter quantitativ bestätigt werden.

Abstract

Water exchange processes in the floodplain of a lowland groundwater-surface water system are studied on the basis of a study site near Freienbrink, NE Germany. The boundaries of this site are formed by an oxbow and the current bed of the river Spree, section Müggelspree. Surface and ground water levels were collected in 12 piezometers and at two recording stage gauges of a 300 m long transect throughout a one-year-period. Due to water level fluctuations, alternating periods of infiltration and exfiltration have been observed. However, most of the time groundwater flux is directed into the river Spree and river water infiltration events into the aquifer are usually short and of minor importance. Due to clogging of the oxbow bed, the hydraulic contact between the oxbow and the adjacent aquifer is marginal. These features are modelled quantitatively using MODFLOW in order to simulate ground water flow in the local aquifer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung Ökohydrologie, Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Deutschland

    G. Nützmann &  J. Lewandowski

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  1. G. Nützmann
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  2. J. Lewandowski
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Correspondence to G. Nützmann.

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Nützmann, G., Lewandowski, J. Wechselwirkungen zwischen Grundwasser und Oberflächenwasser an einem Tieflandfluss (Spree). Grundwasser 14, 195–205 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00767-009-0110-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00767-009-0110-4

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