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Bildgebende Diagnostik bei Karzinomen der Vulva und Vagina

Diagnostic imaging of vulvar and vaginal cancer

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Der Onkologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Eine bildgebende Diagnostik mittels Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT), Computertomographie (CT) oder PET-CT (Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie-CT) wird bei gynäkologischen Tumoren zum Staging, zur Therapieplanung und -kontrolle oder zur Rezidivdiagnostik zunehmend eingesetzt.

Ziel

Es wird der aktuelle Stand des Einsatzes der Schnittbildgebung beim Vulva- und Vaginalkarzinom beleuchtet.

Material und Methoden

Es erfolgte eine Recherche aktueller Literatur und der gültigen deutschen Leitlinien.

Ergebnisse

Die funktionelle MRT des Beckens (T2-Wichtung, Diffusionswichtung, Kontrastmittel-Dynamik) hat ihren Stellenwert beim Vulva- und Vaginalkarzinom im lokalen Staging und bei der Rezidivdiagnostik. Die kontrastmittelverstärkte CT wird zur Fernmetastasensuche eingesetzt. Die PET-CT kann in Einzelfällen zum Einsatz kommen, beispielsweise vor geplanter Exenteration.

Schlussfolgerungen

Die Schnittbildgebung liefert therapierelevante Details und Zusatzinformationen beim Vulva- und Vaginalkarzinom bzw. in der Rezidivsituation.

Abstract

Background

Imaging diagnostics using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography CT (PET/CT) are increasingly being used as modalities for staging and therapy management/control of gynecologic malignancies and as diagnostic tools for recurrent disease.

Objective

The current status of using cross-sectional imaging modalities for vulvar and vaginal cancer is described.

Material and methods

A literature search was carried out including the current German guidelines.

Results

Functional MRI (T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging) plays an important role in the staging of primary vulvar and vaginal cancer and for the detection of recurrent disease. Contrast-enhanced CT is used for detection of distant metastases. The use of PET/CT can be helpful in some cases, especially before planned pelvic exenteration.

Conclusion

Cross-sectional imaging provides relevant additional information for treatment of both primary vulvar and vaginal cancer and in cases of recurrent disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland

    Céline D. Alt

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Correspondence to Céline D. Alt.

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C.D. Alt gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine vom Autor durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Alt, C.D. Bildgebende Diagnostik bei Karzinomen der Vulva und Vagina. Onkologe 25, 404–410 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-019-0543-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-019-0543-z

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