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Transcriptomic analysis of Chinese wild Vitis pseudoreticulata in response to Plasmopara viticola

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Abstract

Downy mildew, resulted from Plasmopara viticola, is one of most severe fungal diseases of grapevine. Since Vitis vinifera is susceptible to downy mildew, much effort has been focused on improving the resistance of V. vinifera. The Chinese wild V. pseudoreticulata accession Baihe-35-1 (BH) shows resistance to P. viticola; however, the molecular mechanism underlying its resistance to P. viticola is largely unknown. In order to better understand the cellular processes, the transcriptomic changes were investigated at 0, 12, 24, 48, 96, and 120 h post infection (hpi). Transcriptome analysis identified a total of 175 differentially expressed genes. Most of them were found to be associated with oxidative stress, cell wall modification, and protein modification. Moreover, the BH resistance to P. viticola was involved in metabolism process, including terpene synthesis and hormone synthesis. In addition, we verified 12 genes to ensure the accuracy of transcriptome data using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). This study broadly characterizes a molecular mechanism in which oxidative stress and cell wall biosynthesis and modification play important roles in the response of BH to P. viticola and provides a basis for further analysis of key genes involved in the resistance to P. viticola.

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Data availability

The data supporting the conclusions of this article are within the paper and its additional files.

Abbreviations

BH:

V. pseudoreticulata accession Baihe-35-1

PR:

Pathogenesis-related protein

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

HR:

Hypersensitive response

NPR1:

Nonexpresser of PR genes 1

TLP:

Thaumatin-like protein

PUB:

Plant U-box

VDAC:

Voltage-dependent anion channel

CPM:

Counts per millions

DEG:

Differentially expressed gene

GO:

Gene Ontology

RPKM:

Reads Per Kilobase per Million of mapped reads

ceQORH:

Chloroplast envelope quinone oxidoreductase homolog

GSTU17:

Glutathione S-transferase U17

CRL1:

Cinnamoyl CoA:NADP oxidoreductase-like 1

GIM2:

Germination insensitive to ABA mutant 2

PCO4:

Plant cysteine oxidase 4

PME17:

Pectin methylesterase inhibitor 17

BXL1:

Beta-d-xylosidase 1

F5H:

Ferulate 5-hydroxylase

PRX52:

Peroxidase 52

CESA6:

Cellulose synthase 6

XTH33:

Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase 33

SAUR39:

Small auxin upregulated RNA 39

PIN7:

PIN-formed 7

CYP707A1:

Cytochrome p450, family 707, subfamily A, polypeptide 1

ACO1:

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 1

TF:

Transcription factor

ASMT:

N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase

UGT:

UDP-glucosyl transferase

FKBP:

FK506 binding protein

RHA2A:

RING-H2 A2A

NRT1:

Nitrate transporter 1

AZF1:

Zinc-finger protein 1

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Acknowledgements

We thank the staff of the laboratory for their technical assistance.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31471844), the PhD Research Startup Foundation of Northwest A&F University (No. Z109021621), and the Central College Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses Special Funds (No. Z109021606).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Ruiqi Liu, Kai Weng, Mengru Dou, Tingting Chen, Xiao Yin, Zhiqian Li, Tiemei Li, Chen Zhang, Gaoqing Xiang, Guotian Liu & Yan Xu

  2. College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Ruiqi Liu, Kai Weng, Mengru Dou, Tingting Chen, Xiao Yin, Zhiqian Li, Tiemei Li, Chen Zhang, Gaoqing Xiang, Guotian Liu & Yan Xu

  3. Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Ruiqi Liu, Kai Weng, Mengru Dou, Tingting Chen, Xiao Yin, Zhiqian Li, Tiemei Li, Chen Zhang, Gaoqing Xiang, Guotian Liu & Yan Xu

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Contributions

DM, YX, and CT collected samples. WK and LR analyzed the transcriptome data. XY, LG, and LZ conceived the study and participated in the design and coordination. LR drafted the manuscript. ZC and LTM modified the language. XG designed primers for qRT-PCR. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yan Xu.

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Table S1

List of primers used in RT-PCR. (DOCX 12 kb)

Table S2

Information of genes with RPKM > 1 from RNA-seq. (XLSX 4625 kb)

Table S3

List of significantly differentially expressed genes from RNA-seq analysis. (XLSX 58 kb)

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Liu, R., Weng, K., Dou, M. et al. Transcriptomic analysis of Chinese wild Vitis pseudoreticulata in response to Plasmopara viticola. Protoplasma 256, 1409–1424 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-019-01387-x

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