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Identification and characterization of a novel avian nephritis virus variant in chickens with enteritis in Hunan province, China

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Abstract

Avian nephritis virus (ANV) infection is associated with diarrhea, uricosis, stunting, tubulonephrosis, interstitial nephritis, and mortality of chicken flocks, leading to economic losses in the poultry industry. In this study, an ANV strain designated as HNU-ANV-ML-2020 was identified in tissue samples collected from chickens with severe enteritis on a poultry farm in Hunan province, China, and analyzed. The genome of HNU-ANV-ML-2020 is 6943 nucleotides in length. It showed the highest sequence identity (88.1%) to ANV strain CHN/GXJL815/2017 (MN732559) from Guangxi province, China, while it showed less than 86% identity to other astrovirus (AstV) genome sequences available in the GenBank database. The capsid protein of this virus showed the highest sequence identity to ANV strains HQ330482 and HQ330498 from the UK (81.2% and 81.06%, respectively), while it showed only 73.9% identity to MN732559 and less than 80% identity to the capsid proteins of other AstVs available in GenBank. Further phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that HNU-ANV-ML-2020 belongs to group 4, together with ANV strains identified in Australia, Brazil, the UK, and the Netherlands. Furthermore, ANV strains identified in chickens in China were found to be separated into four distinct groups/genotypes, indicating substantial genetic divergence and a complex circulation pattern in China. The virus characterized in the present study is a novel ANV variant identified for the first time in Hunan province, China.

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Data availability

The sequence described in this study has been deposited in the GenBank database under accession number ON964512.

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Funding

This study was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China (grant no. 2021JJ30099).

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Author notes

  1. Jun-Yong Xia and Jing-Ying Liao contributed equally to the manuscript.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China

    Jun-Yong Xia, Jing-Ying Liao, Cong-Xi Liu, Wei-Jie Xiong & Chao-Ting Xiao

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  1. Jun-Yong Xia
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  2. Jing-Ying Liao
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  3. Cong-Xi Liu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chao-Ting Xiao.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The experiments were approved and carried out in accordance with animal ethics guidelines and approved protocols of Hunan University.

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Xia, JY., Liao, JY., Liu, CX. et al. Identification and characterization of a novel avian nephritis virus variant in chickens with enteritis in Hunan province, China. Arch Virol 168, 46 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-022-05659-5

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