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HBV/D1: a major HBV subgenotype circulating in Uyghur patients with chronic HBV infection in Xinjiang, China

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Abstract

Each hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype and subgenotype is associated with a particular geographic distribution, ethnicity, and anthropological history. The present study investigated the genomic characteristics of HBV from Uyghur patients with chronic HBV infection in Xinjiang, China. Among the 53 Uyghur patients enrolled, HBV/D was found to be the dominant strain, with 64.2 % (34/53), 60.4 % (32/53) with HBV/D1 and 3.8 % (2/53) with HBV/D3. In addition to these findings, 3.8 % HBV/B (2/53), 5.7 % HBV/C (3/53), 11.3 % C+D (6/53), 7.5 % B+D (4/53), 3.8 % B+C (2/53) and 3.8 % B+C+D (2/53) were also detected. The full-length genome of seven HBV/D1 isolates and 144 reference sequences retrieved from GenBank were compared and analyzed by biological information methods. These results demonstrate that the D1 isolates from Xinjiang and Central Asia show a close genetic proximity (0.013±0.0007). Furthermore, four unique amino acid substitutions (sp82Asn, sp89His, rt129Leu, rt151Leu) representing background polymorphisms rather than drug resistance mutations or immune escape variants were found in the Uyghur patients of Xinjiang, but these were seldom found in HBV/D1 strains from other regions (0 %-14.3 %). This study indicates that in Xinjiang, unlike HBV-infected Han patients, HBV/D1 is the predominant strain among HBV-infected Uyghur people. Although genetic distance analysis suggests that the HBV/D1 isolates from Xinjiang are closely related to those from Central Asia, unique amino acid substitutions suggest independent evolution of HBV in the Uyghur patients of Xinjiang.

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Abbreviations

HBV:

Hepatitis B virus

nPCR:

Nested polymerase chain reaction

PreS/S:

PreSurface/Surface

BCP/PreC:

Basal core promoter/PreCore

ddH2O:

Distilled deionized H2O

sp:

Spacer region

RT:

Reverse transcriptase region

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Dr. Terri A. Rasmussen from Tulane National Primate Research Center, USA, for proofreading the manuscript. This study was supported by Major Science and Technology Special Project of China Eleventh Five-year Plan (2008ZX10002-001).

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China

    Jingjing Nie, Jie Li, Kuixia Sun, Mishu Sun, Jie Chen, Junfeng Ma, Ling Yan & Hui Zhuang

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  1. Jingjing Nie
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Correspondence to Jie Li or Hui Zhuang.

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Nie, J., Li, J., Sun, K. et al. HBV/D1: a major HBV subgenotype circulating in Uyghur patients with chronic HBV infection in Xinjiang, China. Arch Virol 157, 1541–1549 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-012-1325-8

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