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Pentosidine concentration is associated with degenerative lumbar scoliosis in older women: preliminary results

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Abstract

Purpose

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. The objective of the study was to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia in degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS), and the relationship between biochemical markers including major AGEs, pentosidine, and DLS in older women.

Methods

Our study participants were 20 elderly women with idiopathic DLS (mean age 76.4 years, range 56–88). Nineteen age- and sex-matched volunteers (mean age 74.0 years, range 62–86) served as controls. Spinal and femoral BMD of all participants was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We used a bioelectrical impedance analyzer to analyze body composition, including appendicular skeletal muscle mass index [SMI; appendicular lean mass (kg)/(height (m)]2. SMI < 5.75 was considered diagnostic for sarcopenia. Coronal and sagittal spinal alignments were measured. The following biochemical markers were measured: serum and urinary pentosidine, serum homocysteine, 1,25(OA)2D, and 25(OH)D. The level of each variable was compared between DLS and controls. The relationship between biochemical markers including pentosidine and DLS was examined.

Results

Sarcopenia was observed at a high prevalence in participants with DLS: 50% compared with 15.8% of healthy controls. Height, weight, femoral BMI, appendicular lean mass, total lean mass, and SMI all had significantly lower values in the DLS group. Serum pentosidine was significantly higher for the DLS group compared with controls. Correlations with serum pentosidine revealed a significant positive correlation between lumbar scoliosis, pelvic tilt, and pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis mismatch, and a significantly negative correlation between thoracic kyphosis (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

We found that sarcopenia was involved in DLS, and high serum pentosidine levels are associated with severity of coronal and sagittal malalignment in older women, suggesting that high levels of AGEs are a potential biomarker for the progression of lumbar scoliosis and kyphotic deformity. Further studies are needed to clarify the pathogenesis of DLS.

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Abbreviations

DLS:

Degenerative lumbar scoliosis

LS:

Lumbar scoliosis

SVA:

Sagittal vertical axis

TK:

Thoracic kyphosis

LL:

Lumbar lordosis

PT:

Pelvic tilt

PI:

Pelvic incidence

SS:

Sacral slope

BIA:

Bioelectrical impedance analyzer

DXA:

Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry

SMI:

Skeletal muscle mass index

BMD:

Bone mineral density

AGE:

Advanced glycation end product

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shimoshizu National Hospital, 934-5, Shikawatashi, Yotsukaido, Chiba, 284-0003, Japan

    Yawara Eguchi

  2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba Qiball Clinic, 4-5-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-0013, Japan

    Toru Toyoguchi

  3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan

    Kazuhide Inage, Kazuki Fujimoto, Sumihisa Orita, Kazuyo Yamauchi, Miyako Suzuki, Hirohito Kanamoto, Koki Abe, Masaki Norimoto, Tomotaka Umimura, Masao Koda, Takeo Furuya, Kazuhisa Takahashi & Seiji Ohtori

  4. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, 3-6-2, Okayamadai, Togane, Chiba, 283-8686, Japan

    Yasuchika Aoki

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  1. Yawara Eguchi
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Contributions

YE conducted data collection and data entry, and wrote the manuscript. TT developed data collection. HI and KF participated in the design of the study and performed the statistical analysis. All authors contributed to and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yawara Eguchi.

Ethics declarations

Ethics and consent to participate

We declare that all protocols involving humans have been approved by the Chiba university Hospital and have been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. We declare that all participants provided written informed consent before their inclusion in this study.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests. We did not receive grants or external funding in support of our research or preparation of this manuscript. We did not receive payments or other benefits or a commitment or agreement to provide such benefits from any commercial entities.

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Eguchi, Y., Toyoguchi, T., Inage, K. et al. Pentosidine concentration is associated with degenerative lumbar scoliosis in older women: preliminary results. Eur Spine J 27, 597–606 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-017-5370-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-017-5370-6

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