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Endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the cerebral arterioles of rats deteriorates during acute hyperglycemia and then is restored by reducing the glucose level

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Abstract

Purpose

Acute hyperglycemia in patients with traumatic brain injury correlates with a poor neurological outcome. We investigated the endothelium function of rat cerebral arterioles during acute hyperglycemia and after reducing the glucose levels using insulin. We also examined whether or not oxidative stress was involved in the cerebral arteriole response to acute hyperglycemia.

Methods

In isoflurane-anesthetized, mechanically ventilated rats, we used closed cranial window preparation to measure the changes in the pial arteriolar diameter following the topical application of acetylcholine (ACh) or adenosine. We examined the pial arteriolar vasodilator response before hyperglycemia, during hyperglycemia, and after reducing the glucose level using insulin. After intravenous pretreatment with an NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin or diphenylene iodonium), we reexamined the pial arteriolar vasodilator response following the topical application of ACh.

Results

Under control conditions, the topical application of ACh dose-dependently dilated the cerebral arterioles. The vasodilatory responses to topical ACh were impaired during hyperglycemia and improved after the administration of insulin. The vasodilatory responses to topical adenosine were not affected by the glucose levels. In the apocynin or diphenylene iodonium pretreatment group, the topical application of ACh dilated the cerebral arterioles during hyperglycemia.

Conclusion

Acute hyperglycemia induces a dysfunction of the endothelium-dependent vasodilation of rat cerebral arterioles. The dysfunction can be reversed by improving the acute hyperglycemia and it can be prevented entirely by the administration of NADPH oxidase inhibitors. These results could suggest that controlling the glucose levels works protectivity to endothelium function of cerebral arterioles.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (15K10509 and 17K11046) from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu City, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan

    Kazuhiro Kito, Kumiko Tanabe, Koji Sakata, Naokazu Fukuoka, Kiyoshi Nagase & Hiroki Iida

  2. Department of General Medicine, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Gifu, Japan

    Mami Iida

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  1. Kazuhiro Kito
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  2. Kumiko Tanabe
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  3. Koji Sakata
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  6. Mami Iida
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  7. Hiroki Iida
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Correspondence to Hiroki Iida.

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Kito, K., Tanabe, K., Sakata, K. et al. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the cerebral arterioles of rats deteriorates during acute hyperglycemia and then is restored by reducing the glucose level. J Anesth 32, 531–538 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00540-018-2507-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00540-018-2507-7

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