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Effects of a 1-year randomised controlled trial of resistance training on blood lipid profile and chylomicron concentration in older men

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Abstract

Purpose

Resistance exercise is promoted in older adults for its ability to improve muscle mass, strength and, hence, in reducing falls. However, its effects on blood lipids and CVD risk are less well established, particularly in this age group. This study aimed to investigate whether a 1-year resistance exercise program improves lipid profile and chylomicron concentration in older men.

Methods

Participants were randomised to either three, 1 h resistance training sessions per week (RE) or an active control group [asked to undertake three 30 min walking sessions per week (AC)]. Fasting blood samples were collected at 0, 6, and 12 months for determination of lipid profile and glycaemic control. Diet, morphological and activity data were also collected at these time points.

Results

Following 12 months, the RE intervention group had greater improvements in cholesterol profile; LDL-cholesterol concentration significantly decreased by 0.2 (0.2) mM [mean (SEM)] compared to control (P < 0.05). The RE group also exhibited a significant increase in lean body mass of 0.9 (1.3) kg after 12 months compared to the AC group (P < 0.05). There was no treatment or time effect on other anthropometric measures or fasting triacylglycerol, glucose, insulin or chylomicron concentrations.

Conclusion

The observed improvements in lean body mass and cholesterol profile promote the implementation of a resistance exercise intervention in this population.

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Abbreviations

6MWT:

6-Minute walk test

AC:

Active control

AE:

Aerobic exercise

CHD:

Coronary heart disease

CVD:

Cardiovascular disease

HDL:

High-density lipoprotein

LBM:

Lean body mass

LDL:

Low-density lipoprotein

MET:

Metabolic equivalent

MetS:

Metabolic syndrome

NEFA:

Non-esterified fatty acids

RE:

Resistance exercise

T2DM:

Type-2 diabetes mellitus

TAG:

Triacylglycerol

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Acknowledgments

This study was financially supported by grants from the Arthritis and Osteoporosis Foundation of Western Australia and Curtin University. Support was also provided by the Department of Endocrinology at Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, School of Sport Science and Exercise Health at University of Western Australia and Curtin University. We thank the staff and practical students at the rehabilitation gym of the School of Sport Science and Exercise Health at UWA for assistance with supervision of resistance exercise sessions and strength and fitness testing and the volunteers whose cooperation and dedication made this study possible.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia

    Anthony P. James, Joanna Whiteford, Satvinder S. Dhaliwal, Richard L. Prince & Deborah A. Kerr

  2. School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia

    Timothy R. Ackland & Jenni J. Woodhouse

  3. School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia

    Richard L. Prince

  4. School of Medicine, Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia

    Xingqiong Meng

  5. Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia

    Anthony P. James & Satvinder S. Dhaliwal

  6. Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, 1st Floor, C Block, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia

    Richard L. Prince

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  1. Anthony P. James
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  2. Joanna Whiteford
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  3. Timothy R. Ackland
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  4. Satvinder S. Dhaliwal
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  5. Jenni J. Woodhouse
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  6. Richard L. Prince
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  7. Xingqiong Meng
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  8. Deborah A. Kerr
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Correspondence to Anthony P. James.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participant were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Communicated by William J. Kraemer.

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James, A.P., Whiteford, J., Ackland, T.R. et al. Effects of a 1-year randomised controlled trial of resistance training on blood lipid profile and chylomicron concentration in older men. Eur J Appl Physiol 116, 2113–2123 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-016-3465-0

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