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Pulse waveform analysis on temporal changes in ocular blood flow due to caffeine intake: a comparative study between habitual and non-habitual groups

  • Glaucoma
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate and compare the temporal changes in pulse waveform parameters of ocular blood flow (OBF) between non-habitual and habitual groups due to caffeine intake.

Method

This study was conducted on 19 healthy subjects (non-habitual 8; habitual 11), non-smoking and between 21 and 30 years of age. Using laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG), three areas of optical nerve head were analyzed which are vessel, tissue, and overall, each with ten pulse waveform parameters, namely mean blur rate (MBR), fluctuation, skew, blowout score (BOS), blowout time (BOT), rising rate, falling rate, flow acceleration index (FAI), acceleration time index (ATI), and resistive index (RI). Two-way mixed ANOVA was used to determine the difference between every two groups where p < 0.05 is considered significant.

Result

There were significant differences between the two groups in several ocular pulse waveform parameters, namely MBR (overall, vessel, tissue), BOT (overall), rising rate (overall), and falling rate (vessel), all with p < 0.05. In addition, the ocular pulse waveform parameters, i.e., MBR (overall), skew (tissue), and BOT (tissue) showed significant temporal changes within the non-habitual group, but not within the habitual group. The temporal changes in parameters MBR (vessel, tissue), skew (overall, vessel), BOT (overall, vessel), rising rate (overall), falling rate (overall, vessel), and FAI (tissue) were significant for both groups (habitual and non-habitual) in response to caffeine intake.

Conclusion

The experiment results demonstrated caffeine does modulate OBF significantly and response differently in non-habitual and habitual groups. Among all ten parameters, MBR and BOT were identified as the suitable biomarkers to differentiate between the two groups.

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Funding

The project was funded by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia under HICoE scheme to CISIR. The sponsor had no role in the design or conduct of the research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research (CISIR), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

    Aishah Ismail, Mehwish S. Bhatti, Ibrahima Faye, Cheng Kai Lu, Augustinus Laude & Tong Boon Tang

  2. Tan Tock Seng Hospital, National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, Singapore

    Augustinus Laude

  3. Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore

    Augustinus Laude

Authors
  1. Aishah Ismail
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  2. Mehwish S. Bhatti
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  3. Ibrahima Faye
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  4. Cheng Kai Lu
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  5. Augustinus Laude
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  6. Tong Boon Tang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tong Boon Tang.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Ismail, A., Bhatti, M.S., Faye, I. et al. Pulse waveform analysis on temporal changes in ocular blood flow due to caffeine intake: a comparative study between habitual and non-habitual groups. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 256, 1711–1721 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-018-4030-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-018-4030-9

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