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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Predicting adult height from DNA variants in a European-Asian admixed population

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This article was retracted on 07 September 2021

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Abstract

Accurate genomic profiling for adult height is of high practical relevance in forensics genetics. Adult height is a classical reference trait in the field of human complex trait genetics characterized by highly polygenic nature and relatively high heritability. A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies by the Genetic Investigation of Anthropocentric Traits (GIANT) consortium has identified 697 DNA variants associated with adult height in Europeans; however, whether these variants will still be informative in non-Europeans is still in question. The present study investigated the predictive power of these 697 height-associated SNPs in 687 Uyghurs of European-Asian admixed origin. Among all GIANT SNPs, 11% showed nominally significant association (6.78 × 10−4 < p < 0.05) with adult height in the Uyghur population and among the significant SNPs 77% of allele effects were in the same direction as those in Europeans reported in the GIANT study. Fitting linear and logistic models using a polygenic score consisting of all GIANT SNPs resulted in an 80–20 cross-validated mean R2 of 10.08% (95% CI 3.16–18.40%) for quantitative height prediction and a mean AUC value of 0.65 (95% CI 0.57–0.72%) for qualitative “above average” prediction. Fine-tuning the SNP set using their association p values considerably improved the prediction results (number of SNPs = 62, R2 = 15.59%, 95% CI 6.80–25.71%; AUC = 0.70, 95% CI 62–0.77) in the Uyghurs. Overall, our findings demonstrate substantial differences between the European and Asian populations in the genetics of adult height, emphasizing the importance of population heterogeneity underlying the genetic architecture of adult height.

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Funding

This work was funded in part by the National Key Research and Development Foundation of China (2017YFC0803501), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81471828, 91651507), the Basal Research Foundation of Institute of Forensic Science of Ministry of Public Security (2017JB025), and the Forensic Genetic Key Lab of Ministry of Public Security (2017FGKFKT06). The biological samples were provided by NICGR (YCZYPT[2017]01-3). Author FL is supported by the National Thousand Yong Talents Award. Author YNS is supported by the Beijing Leading Talent Program (Z18110006318006).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Xiaoxi Jing and Yanan Sun contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Xiaoxi Jing, Xingjian Gao & Fan Liu

  2. National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics of Ministry of Public Security, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China

    Yanan Sun, Wenting Zhao, Mi Ma & Caixia Li

  3. Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China

    Yanan Sun

  4. Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps of Seventh Division Public Security Bureau, Ürümqi, China

    Mi Ma

  5. Department of Genetic Identification, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

    Fan Liu

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  1. Xiaoxi Jing
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  2. Yanan Sun
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Fan Liu or Caixia Li.

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The study was approved by the ethics committee of Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, China. All participants provided written informed consent.

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This article has been retracted. Please see the retraction notice for more detail:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-021-02692-y

Electronic supplementary material

Figure S1

GWAS result plot in Uyghur. (a) Manhattan plot. (b) QQ plot. (PNG 201 kb)

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Figure S2

Scatter plot of height residuals vs polygenic risk core and height residuals vs predicted height residuals. (a) Scatter plot of age-adjusted height vs polygenic risk score in Uyghur using 581 SNPs. (b) Scatter plot of age-adjusted height vs polygenic risk score in Uyghur using 62 SNPs. (c) Scatter plot of age-adjusted height vs prediction age-adjusted height in Uyghur using 581 SNPs. (d) Scatter plot of age-adjusted height vs prediction age-adjusted height in Uyghur using 62 SNPs. X-axis indicates polygenic score in a, b prediction age-adjusted height in c, d and y-axis indicates height residuals. r correlation coefficient of allele frequencies for between polygenic score and height residuals. r2 correlation coefficient squared. (PNG 252 kb)

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Figure S3

Scatter plot of accuracy for predicting adult height with increasing of the number of SNPs ranked by each SNP’s contribution to the model performance. (a) AUC (b) R square. X-axis indicates the number of SNPs in prediction and y-axis indicates prediction accuracy (AUC or R square). (PNG 1551 kb)

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Jing, X., Sun, Y., Zhao, W. et al. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Predicting adult height from DNA variants in a European-Asian admixed population. Int J Legal Med 133, 1667–1679 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-019-02039-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-019-02039-8

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