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Constraints on the magmatic evolution of the oceanic crust from plagiogranite intrusions in the Oman ophiolite

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Abstract

We present major and trace element as well as Sr, Nd, and Hf isotope data on a suite of 87 plutonic rock samples from 27 felsic crustal intrusions in seven blocks of the Oman ophiolite. The rock compositions of the sample suite including associated more mafic rocks range from 48 to 79 wt% SiO2, i.e. from gabbros to tonalites. The samples are grouped into a Ti-rich and relatively light rare earth element (LREE)-enriched P1 group [(Ce/Yb) N  > 0.7] resembling the early V1 lavas, and a Ti-poor and LREE-depleted P2 group [(Ce/Yb) N  < 0.7] resembling the late-stage V2 lavas. Based on the geochemical differences and in agreement with previous structural and petrographic models, we define phase 1 (P1) and phase 2 (P2) plutonic rocks. Felsic magmas in both groups formed by extensive fractional crystallization of olivine, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, apatite, and Ti-magnetite from mafic melts. The incompatible element compositions of P1 rocks overlap with those from mid-ocean ridges but have higher Ba/Nb and Th/Nb trending towards the P2 rock compositions and indicating an influence of a subducting slab. The P2 rocks formed from a more depleted mantle source but show a more pronounced slab signature. These rocks also occur in the southern blocks (with the exception of the Tayin block) of the Oman ophiolite implying that the entire ophiolite formed above a subducting slab. Initial Nd and Hf isotope compositions suggest an Indian-MORB-type mantle source for the Oman ophiolite magmas. Isotope compositions and high Th/Nb in some P2 rocks indicate mixing of a melt from subducted sediment into this mantle.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge the help of H. Brätz and R. Klemd (both GeoZentrum Nordbayern) during trace element analyses. We thank A. Richter for patient support with electron microprobe analyses and S. Hauff (GEOMAR) for the Hf isotope analysis. C. Weinzierl is thanked for his generous helpful corrective advice. We thank the Director General of Minerals, Ministry of Commerce and Industry of the Sultanate of Oman, for allowing us to conduct field work in the Sultanate of Oman. S. Freund thanks L. Pflug for inspiring discussions and critical questions. S. Freund was funded by DFG grant HA2568/21. Constructive reviews by G. Ceuleneer, M. Rioux and the editor O. Müntener helped to significantly improve the quality of this work.

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  1. GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossgarten 5, 91054, Erlangen, Germany

    Karsten M. Haase, Sarah Freund & Christoph Beier

  2. Institute for Mineralogy, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3, 30167, Hannover, Germany

    Jürgen Koepke & Martin Erdmann

  3. GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1-3, 24148, Kiel, Germany

    Folkmar Hauff

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  1. Karsten M. Haase
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Haase, K.M., Freund, S., Beier, C. et al. Constraints on the magmatic evolution of the oceanic crust from plagiogranite intrusions in the Oman ophiolite. Contrib Mineral Petrol 171, 46 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-016-1261-9

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