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Course of pain after total hip arthroplasty within a standardized pain management concept: a prospective study examining influence, correlation, and outcome of postoperative pain on 103 consecutive patients

  • Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Published:
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Introduction

Postoperative pain management options are of great importance for patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty, as joint replacement surgery is reported to be one of the most painful surgical procedures. This study demonstrates pain outcome until 4 weeks postoperatively and evaluates factors influencing pain in the postoperative course after total hip arthroplasty.

Materials and methods

A total of 103 patients were included in this prospective cohort trial and underwent total hip arthroplasty. Postoperative pain was described using a numerical rating scale (NRS); demographic data and perioperative parameters were correlated with postoperative pain.

Results

Evaluation of pain scores in the postoperative course showed a constant decrease in the first postoperative week (mean NRS 3.1 on day 1 to mean NRS 2.3 on day 8) and, then, a perpetual increase for 3 days (mean NRS 2.6 on day 9 to mean NRS 2.3 on day 12). Afterwards, a continuous pain-level decrease was stated (continuous to a mean NRS 0.9 on day 29). No correlation was found between the potential influencing factors sex, age, body mass index, duration of surgery, ASA score, and postoperative pain levels, but a high significant correlation could be stated for preoperative pain levels and postoperative pain intensity (pain while moving p < 0.02 to p < 0.05 depending on the time period “week 1 postoperatively”, “week 2–4”, or “week 1–4”; pain while resting p < 0.001, in all the measured time intervals, respectively).

Conclusion

Increasing pain levels after the first week postoperatively, for 3 days, are most likely to be caused by the change to more extensive mobilization and physiotherapy in the rehabilitation unit. No significant influence or correlation on the intensity of postoperative pain could be found while evaluating potential predictors except preoperative pain levels. Pain management has to take these findings into account in the future to further increase patients’ satisfaction in the postoperative course after total hip arthroplasty and to adapt pain management programs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Asklepios Klinikum Bad Abbach, Kaiser-Karl-V.-Allee 3, 93077, Bad Abbach, Germany

    Felix Greimel, Gregor Dittrich, Timo Schwarz, Moritz Kaiser, Bernd Krieg, Joachim Grifka & Achim Benditz

  2. Center for Clinical Studies, University Medical Center of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany

    Florian Zeman

Authors
  1. Felix Greimel
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  2. Gregor Dittrich
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  4. Moritz Kaiser
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  8. Achim Benditz
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Contributions

All authors made contributions to the interpretation of data and have been involved in drafting the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Felix Greimel.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Ethical standards

The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee with the approval number 16-101-0204 (IRB approval). Furthermore, the project was registered in the German Registry of Clinical Studies (DRKS) with the approval number DRKS00011803 (WHO register). The study was applied in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki 1975.

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Greimel, F., Dittrich, G., Schwarz, T. et al. Course of pain after total hip arthroplasty within a standardized pain management concept: a prospective study examining influence, correlation, and outcome of postoperative pain on 103 consecutive patients. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 138, 1639–1645 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-018-3014-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-018-3014-x

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