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Seasonal variations in cardiac implantable electronic device infections

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Abstract

Infections of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) have increased over the past decade. However, the impact of the climate on CIED infections is unknown. To determine whether there is a seasonal variation in CIED infections. In this single-center observational study, retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data was performed. Timone Hospital in Marseille (south-east France) is a tertiary care institution and the regional reference center for management of CIED infections. All consecutive patients with CIED extractions for infectious reasons were included over a 12-year period. We noted the mean temperature (°C), precipitation (mm) and the incidence of CIED infections over this period. Among 612 patients [mean (standard deviation) age, 72.4 (13.0) years; 74.0% male], 238 had endocarditis alone (38.9%), 249 had pocket infection alone (40.7%), and 125 had both (20.4%). We found bacterial documentation in 428 patients (70.0%), commensal in 245 (40.0%). The incidence of CIED infections was positively associated with high temperature (regression coefficient = 0.075; P = 0.01) and precipitation (regression coefficient = 0.022; P < 0.01). Seasonal variation was specific of pocket infections, whether they were associated with endocarditis or not. Subgroups with infection seasonality were: women, elderly people (> 75 years), late CIED infection and skin commensal bacterial infections. We found a seasonal variation in pocket infections, whether associated with endocarditis or not. Infections were associated with elevated temperatures and precipitation. Therefore, specific prevention strategy should be discussed in high-risk patients.

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Author notes

  1. Baptiste Maille and Linda Koutbi contributed equally to the article.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. APHM, Unit of Arrhythmias, Department of Cardiology, Aix-Marseille Univ, Hôpital Timone, Marseille, France

    Baptiste Maille, Linda Koutbi, Jérôme Hourdain, Jean-Claude Deharo & Frédéric Franceschi

  2. UMR MD2, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France

    Baptiste Maille, Jean-Claude Deharo & Frédéric Franceschi

  3. Department Epidemiology and Health Economics, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France

    Noémie Resseguier & Coralie Lemoine

  4. APHM, Unit of Heart Failure and Valvular Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Aix-Marseille Univ, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France

    Franck Thuny & Michael Peyrol

  5. Mediterranean Academic Association for Research and Studies in Cardiology (MARS Cardio), Marseille, France

    Franck Thuny & Michael Peyrol

  6. Department of Cardiology, Timone University Hospital, 264 rue St Pierre, 13385, Marseille, France

    Frédéric Franceschi

Authors
  1. Baptiste Maille
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  2. Linda Koutbi
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  3. Noémie Resseguier
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  4. Coralie Lemoine
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  8. Jean-Claude Deharo
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  9. Frédéric Franceschi
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Correspondence to Frédéric Franceschi.

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Maille, B., Koutbi, L., Resseguier, N. et al. Seasonal variations in cardiac implantable electronic device infections. Heart Vessels 34, 824–831 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00380-018-1292-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00380-018-1292-4

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