Abstract
The interannual meridional displacement of the upper-tropospheric westerly jet over the eastern portion of East Asia in summer has been well documented. This study, however, investigates the interannual meridional displacement of the westerly jet over the western portion of East Asia in summer, which is distinct from its eastern counterpart. The results show that the meridional displacement of the western East Asian jet shows a clear asymmetric feature; that is, there are remarkable differences between the southward and northward displacement of the jet. The southward displacement of the jet corresponds to suppressed convection in the tropical western North Pacific and Maritime Continent and enhanced convection in the equatorial Pacific, which can be explained by the warmer sea surfaces found in the northern Indian Ocean and equatorial eastern Pacific. These tropical anomalies somewhat resemble those associated with the eastern East Asian jet variability. However, the northward displacement of the western East Asian jet does not correspond to significant convection and SST anomalies in the entire tropics; instead, the northward displacement of the jet corresponds well to the positive phase of the Arctic Oscillation. Furthermore, the meridional displacement of the western jet has asymmetric impacts on rainfall and surface air temperatures in East Asia. When the western jet shifts northward, more precipitation is found over South China and Northeast China, and higher temperatures appear in northern China. By contrast, when the jet shifts southward, more precipitation appears over the East Asian rainy belt, including the Yangtze River valley, South Korea, and southern and central Japan and warmer temperatures are found South and Southeast Asia.
摘 要
夏季东亚东部高空西风急流经向位移的年际变化已被广泛研究. 本研究发现东亚西部西风急流与东部急流经向位移的影响因子及气候效应具有显著差异. 东亚西部急流的南移与北印度洋和热带太平洋暖海温异常导致的热带西北太平洋和海洋性大陆对流抑制以及热带太平洋对流增强有关; 而急流的北移并未对应显著的热带海温和对流异常, 其与北极涛动正位相密切相关. 进一步研究发现, 当东亚西部急流偏北时, 中国南部和东北部降水增多, 中国北部地表气温偏高; 而当急流偏南时, 长江流域、 朝鲜半岛南部和日本中南部降水增多, 南亚和东南亚地表气温偏高.
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This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 42130504 and 42275031).
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Article Highlights
• The southward displacement of the western East Asian upper-tropospheric jet is associated with tropical forcing, similar to its eastern counterpart.
• The northward displacement of the western East Asian jet is associated with the Arctic Oscillation but not with tropical forcing.
• The southward and northward displacements of the western East Asian jet have asymmetric impacts on the East Asian climate.
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Ling, S., Lu, R., Liu, H. et al. Interannual Meridional Displacement of the Upper-Tropospheric Westerly Jet over Western East Asia in Summer. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 40, 1298–1308 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-022-2279-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-022-2279-8