Abstract
Based on the ERA5 reanalysis datasets during 1980–2019, a total of eleven zonal shear lines (ZSLs) that caused heavy precipitation and lasted more than 60 hours over the Tibetan Plateau in summer are selected for composite analysis. By decomposing the kinetic energy (K) near the ZSL into divergent and rotational kinetic energies (KD and KR) and the kinetic energy of interaction between the divergent wind and the rotational wind (KRD), the influence of the rotational and divergent winds on the evolution of the ZSL intensity is investigated from the perspective of KD and KR. The main results are as follows. The ZSL is a comprehensive reflection of rotation and convergence. The intensity evolution of ZSL is essentially synchronized with those of K, KR, and KRD but lags behind KD by about three hours. The enhancement of K is mainly contributed by KR, which is governed by the conversion from KD to KR. Furthermore, the increase in the conversion from KD to KR is controlled by the geostrophic effect term Af, which is determined by the joint enhancement of the zonal rotational and meridional divergent wind components (uR and vD). Therefore, the joint enhancement of uR and vD controls the increase of the ZSL intensity, leading to increased precipitation.
摘要
基于1980–2019年的ERA5再分析资料, 选取了11个能够引发青藏高原强降水且生命史超过60小时的夏季青藏高原横切变线(下称切变线)个例进行合成分析. 将切变线附近的动能分解为辐散风旋转风动能和旋转风辐散风相互作用动能, 从辐散风动能和旋转风动能角度来研究辐散风旋转风对切变线的强度演变的影响. 主要结论如下. 切变线是旋转和辐合的综合体现. 切变线的强度演变和动能、 旋转风动能、 旋转风辐散风相互作用动能基本同步, 但滞后辐散风动能约3小时. 动能的增加主要由旋转风动能的增加造成, 而旋转风动能的增加则由辐散风动能向旋转风动能的转换造成. 此外, 辐散风动能向旋转风动能的转换的增加则是受地转效应项控制, 而地转效应项的增加则取决于纬向旋转风和经向辐散风分量的共同增加. 因此, 纬向旋转风和经向辐散风分量的共同增加控制着切变线强度增强, 进而导致降水增加.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank Jiali MA and Qiaohua LIU for their help with this study. This work was supported by the Key Program of the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42030611), the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research (STEP) program (Grant No. 2019QZKK0105), the Integration Project of Major Research Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 91937301), the General Program of the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42175008).
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Article Highlights
• The intensity evolution of ZSL is basically synchronized with those of K and KR but lags behind KD by about three hours.
• The enhancement of K is mainly contributed by that of KR, which is governed by the conversion from KD to KR.
• The joint enhancement of uR and vD intensifies the conversion from KD to KR and helps increase the ZSL intensity.
This paper is a contribution to the special issue on Third Pole Atmospheric Physics, Chemistry, and Hydrology.
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Bao, X., Yao, X. Intensity Evolution of Zonal Shear Line over the Tibetan Plateau in Summer: A Perspective of Divergent and Rotational Kinetic Energies. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 39, 1021–1033 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-021-1302-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-021-1302-9
Key words
- zonal shear line over the Tibetan Plateau
- intensity evolution
- divergent and rotational kinetic energies
- joint action of the zonal rotational and meridional divergent wind components