Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization is a green and sustainable efficient technology for treating manure-based wet waste and achieving nutrient recovery. Agricultural application of its products (hydrochar) disrupts the soil's original stoichiometric balance and affects greenhouse gas emissions. However, relationships between soil stoichiometry with methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) efflux under manure and manure-derived hydrochar application remain unclarified. Pig and cattle manure (PM and CM) and their derived hydrochar (PCs and CCs) were added into agricultural soils to investigate relationships between soil stoichiometry and manure-derived hydrochar input as well as soil CH4 and N2O efflux through incubation experiments. The results showed that PCs and CCs addition increased soil organic carbon and total phosphorus by 8–14% and 12–35%, respectively, compared to PM and CM. Moreover, PCs reduced CH4 efflux by 58–99%, whereas PCs at low doses (0.5%, w/w) increased N2O efflux by 30–202% relative to PM. Manure-derived hydrochar at high doses (1.5%, w/w) reduced global warming potential relative to manure. Furthermore, feedstock and temperature of manure-derived hydrochar were essential factors for soil CH4 and N2O efflux. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the impacts of manure-derived organic matter-induced changes in soil stoichiometry on greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural sources.
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Contributions
Y.Y. Feng: Original draft, Data analysis. N.Wang: Methodology, Manuscript reviewing and editing. H.F. Xie: Manuscript reviewing and editing. J. Wang: Manuscript reviewing and editing. G.L. Li: Manuscript reviewing and editing. L.H. Xue: Manuscript reviewing and editing. H.B. Fu: Sample collecting, Data analysis. Y.F. Feng: Methodology, Supervision, Manuscript reviewing and editing, Conceptualization. G.E.J. Poinern: Manuscript reviewing and editing. D.L. Chen: Manuscript reviewing and editing.
Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42277332), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (SBK2022022675), the Technology Innovation Special Fund of Jiangsu Province for Carbon Dioxide Emission Peaking and Carbon Neutrality (BE2022307). Y.F. Feng thanks the support of the “333” High-level Talents Training Project of Jiangsu Province (2022-3-23-083).
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ESM 1
Supporting information includes the systematic experimental device for indoor incubation experiments. Figure S2 shows soil organic C, total N and total P contents among all treatments. Figure S3 shows soil MBC, MBN and MBP among all treatments. Table S1 shows the basic physicochemical properties of manures and manure-derived hydrochar. Table S2 shows the Linear relationship between exogenous C, N and P contents of manure-derived organic matter with soil C, N, P, MBC, MBN and MBP.
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Feng, Y., Wang, N., Xie, H. et al. Livestock manure-derived hydrochar is more inclined to mitigate soil Global Warming Potential than raw materials based on soil stoichiometry analysis. Biol Fertil Soils 59, 459–472 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-023-01720-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-023-01720-w