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Complications in adulthood for patients with paediatric genitourinary reconstruction

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Abstract

Background

Caring for adults with prior paediatric genitourinary reconstruction remains a challenge for adult providers. Reconstructions typically have occurred decades before; surgical records are not always available and patients and families may be unable to convey procedures performed. Spina bifida (SB) patients are vulnerable to cognitive decline which may compound these challenges. Changes in patient body habitus and loss of function may contribute to problems with previous reconstructions.

Methods

This is a non-systematic review of the literature and represents expert opinion where data are non-existent. This review focuses on the evaluation and management of complications arising from genitourinary reconstruction in congenital neurogenic bladder patients.

Results

Common complications experienced by congenital neurogenic bladder patients include recurrent urinary tract infection, incontinence of catheterizable channel and urinary reservoir as well as malignancy as this population ages. Preservation of renal function and prevention of urinary tract infection while optimizing continence are essential guiding principles in the care of these patients. Many of the recommendations, however, are gleaned from available data in the adult spinal cord patient (a more commonly studied population) or the paediatric urologic literature due to limited studies in adult management of such patients.

Conclusion

Close follow-up and vigilance is warranted to monitor for infectious, mechanical and malignant complications while optimizing preservation of the upper urinary tracts and patient quality of life.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N. St. Clair, Arkes 23rd floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA

    Oluwarotimi S. Nettey

  2. Department of Adult and Pediatric Urology, Lurie Children’s Hospital, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

    Diana K. Bowen

  3. Department of Urology, University of Southern California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Yahir Santiago-Lastra

  4. Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada

    Peter Metcalfe

  5. Department of Urology, Gynecology, and Medical Education, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

    Stephanie J. Kielb

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OSN: manuscript writing/editing. DKB: manuscript writing/editing. YS-L: manuscript writing/editing. PM: manuscript writing/editing. SJK: project development and manuscript writing/editing.

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Nettey, O.S., Bowen, D.K., Santiago-Lastra, Y. et al. Complications in adulthood for patients with paediatric genitourinary reconstruction. World J Urol 39, 1029–1036 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03295-9

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