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Moringa Oleifera Oil Modulates Rumen Microflora to Mediate In Vitro Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis in Total Mix Rations

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Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate potential of Moringa oleifera seed oil (MOSO) to modulate rumen microflora to mitigate methane (CH4) production in different total mixed rations (TMRs). Three TMRs with different roughage (R) to concentrate (C) ratio were used as substrates (R70:C30, R50:C50 and R30:C70) for in vitro fermentation study using batch culture technique. Results revealed that supplementation of MOSO in different rations with variable roughage to concentrates ratio altered (P < 0.05) CH4 production and fermentation parameters. M. oleifera seed oil at 3 and 4% increased (P < 0.01) microbial protein (MCP) and propionate concentration for all rations but decreased acetate concentration in R70:C30 TMR. Two levels of MOSO (3 and 4%) quadratically increased (P = 0.001) MCP and decreased acetate in R30:C70 while all levels increased propionate. For R30:C70 and R50:C50 rations, MOSO linearly and quadratically decreased (P < 0.001) protozoa and methanogen counts; however, protozoa, methanogens and bacteria were significantly increased in R70:C30 ration without any change in fungal counts. Supplementation of higher level of MOSO (4%) in high roughage ration (R70:C30) showed negative effects on diversity (Shannon index) and evenness of bacterial species as compared to control and lower oil level. Moreover, it also decreased Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio in high roughage rations more obviously at lower levels. Moringa oil also stimulated Prevotella in both high and low roughages diets that indicates its potential to mediate rumen acidosis. Conclusively, MOSO enhanced fermentation kinetics and decreased CH4 production through effective modulation of rumen microbiome.

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Availability of Data and Materials

Raw sequence data related to this study were submitted in NCBI SRA database with SRA Accession No. SRR10072455 available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra.

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Acknowledgements

Dr. Hossam Ebeid gratefully acknowledges the scholarship from Guangxi Science and Technology Department on Receiving ASEAN Talented Young Scientist (Guangxi) Program launched by Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MOST of China) and B&R Countries in accordance with the Circular No. 2018-2. Authors are also thankful to Dr. Hamdy Zahran at Fats and Oils Department, Food Industries and Nutrition Division, National Research Centre, Egypt for his help regarding analysis of fatty acids.

Funding

This study was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0500507 and 2018YFD0501600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (N0.31560649) and the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (2018GXNSFAA281162).

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Author notes

  1. Li Mengwei contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530001, China

    Hossam M. Ebeid, Li Mengwei, Faiz-ul Hassan, Peng Lijuan, Liang Xin & Yang Chengjian

  2. Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St. Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt

    Hossam M. Ebeid & Ahmed E. Kholif

  3. Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Faiz-ul Hassan

  4. Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 24-1 Yongwu Road, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China

    Yang Chengjian

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  1. Hossam M. Ebeid
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Contributions

Conceptualization, HME; Data curation, HME; Formal analysis, HME and FH; Statistical analysis, AEK; Funding acquisition, YC; Investigation, HME and FH; Methodology, HME, LM and FH; Project administration, HME and LM; Resources, LM, PL, LX and YC; Supervision, YC; Validation, YC; Writing—original draft, AEK and HME; Writing—review & editing, AEK, FH, HME and YC.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yang Chengjian.

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All animal procedures were approved by Ethics Committee of Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, China.

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Ebeid, H.M., Mengwei, L., Kholif, A.E. et al. Moringa Oleifera Oil Modulates Rumen Microflora to Mediate In Vitro Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis in Total Mix Rations. Curr Microbiol 77, 1271–1282 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-020-01935-2

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