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Elemental diet moderates 5-fluorouracil-induced gastrointestinal mucositis through mucus barrier alteration

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Abstract

Purpose

There are reports that elemental diet (ED) ameliorates oral mucositis caused by antineoplastic chemotherapy. Although this effectiveness may be partly due to high nutrient absorption, the effects of chemotherapy on mucosal defense mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the effects of oral supplementation with ED on mucin in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced intestinal mucositis.

Methods

5-FU was administered to rats orally once daily, and ED was supplied orally twice daily for 5 days. The severity of mucositis was assessed by length, dry tissue weight, and villus height of the intestinal tract. Using anti-mucin monoclonal antibody, we compared the immunoreactivity in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and mucin content by histological and biochemical examinations.

Results

Oral supplementation with ED reduced histological damage and loss of length, dry tissue weight, and villus height induced by 5-FU administration. ED markedly altered PGM34 antibody immunoreactivity and mucin contents in the small intestine of rats with 5-FU-induced mucositis.

Conclusions

ED may possibly be more effective for the prevention of antineoplastic chemotherapy-induced mucositis through the activation of GI mucus cells.

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Abbreviations

ED:

Elemental diet

5-FU:

5-Fluorouracil

GI:

Gastrointestinal

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Acknowledgments

We express our sincere appreciation to S.Sugawara for technical assistance. This study was supported by a grant from the School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University. Grant from Kitasato University (Kitasato University Research Grant for Young Researchers) supported this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Regulation Biochemistry, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamahara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan

    Rei Kawashima, Fumitaka Kawakami, Tatsunori Maekawa & Takafumi Ichikawa

  2. Department of Biochemistry, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamahara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan

    Rei Kawashima, Fumitaka Kawakami, Tatsunori Maekawa & Takafumi Ichikawa

  3. Department of Gastroenterology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan

    Rei Kawashima

  4. Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamahara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan

    Hajime Yamamoto & Wasaburo Koizumi

Authors
  1. Rei Kawashima
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  2. Fumitaka Kawakami
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  3. Tatsunori Maekawa
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  4. Hajime Yamamoto
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  6. Takafumi Ichikawa
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Correspondence to Takafumi Ichikawa.

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Kawashima, R., Kawakami, F., Maekawa, T. et al. Elemental diet moderates 5-fluorouracil-induced gastrointestinal mucositis through mucus barrier alteration. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 76, 269–277 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-015-2790-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-015-2790-z

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