References
Adam A, Kenny L. Interventional radiology should establish its own identity it should be a primary specialty separate from diagnostic radiology. Cardiovasc Interv Radiol. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-023-03643-3.
European Society of Radiology (ESR); Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe (CIRSE). Interventional radiology in European radiology departments: a joint survey from the European society of radiology (ESR) and the cardiovascular and interventional radiological society of Europe (CIRSE). Insights Imaging. 2019;10(1):16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13244-019-0698-6.
Keeling AN, Reekers JA, Lee MJ. The clinical practice of interventional radiology: a European perspective. Cardiovasc Interv Radiol. 2009;32:406–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-009-9503-0.
Funding
The study was not supported by any funding.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The author declares no conflict of interest.
Consent for Publication
For this type of study, consent for publication is not required.
Human or Animal Participants
This article does not any human or animal participants.
Informed Consent
For this type of study, informed consent is not required.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lee, M.J. Time for IR to Change the Paradigm of Failure. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 47, 527–528 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-024-03684-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-024-03684-2