Abstract
Recurrence of a soft tissue sarcoma typically manifests as a round or oval mass at imaging, and recurrent high-grade soft tissue sarcomas generally enlarge relatively rapidly. We present a case of high-grade undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in the calf of a 48-year-old male that recurred as a thin, curvilinear “tail” of enhancing tissue at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with extremely indolent growth over a 7-year period. The unusual imaging finding of a slowly enlarging “tail” should not be dismissed as postoperative changes, even for a high-grade soft tissue sarcoma.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Jo V, Fletcher C. WHO classification of soft tissue tumours: an update based on the 2013 (4th) edition. Pathology. 2014;46(2):95–104.
Yoo HJ, Hong SH, Kang Y, Choi JY, Moon KC, Kim HS, et al. MR imaging of myxofibrosarcoma and undifferentiated sarcoma with emphasis on tail sign; diagnostic and prognostic value. Eur Radiol. 2014;24:1749–57.
Daigler A, Zmarsly I, Hirsch T, Goertz O, Steinau HU, Lehnhardt M, et al. Long-term outcome after local recurrence of soft tissue sarcoma: a retrospective analysis of factors predictive of survival in 135 patients with locally recurrent soft tissue sarcoma. Br J Cancer. 2014;110(6):1456–64.
Gibbs JF, Huang PP, Lee RJ, McGrath B, Brooks J, McKinley B, et al. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma: an institutional review. Cancer Investig. 2001;19(1):23–7.
Steen S, Stephenson G. Current treatment of soft tissue sarcoma. Proc (Baylor Univ Med Cent). 2008;21(4):392–6.
Huang HY, Lal P, Qin J, Brennan M, Antonescu C. Low-grade myxofibrosarcoma: a clinicopathologic analysis of 49 cases treated at a single institution with simultaneous assessment of the efficacy of 3-tier and 4-tier grading systems. Hum Pathol. 2004;35(5):612–21.
Haglund KE, Raut CP, Nascimento AF, Wang Q, George S, Baldini EH. Recurrence patterns and survival for patients with intermediate- and high-grade myxofibrosarcoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012;82(1):361–7.
Waters B, Panicek D, Lefkowitz R, Antonescu C, Healey J, Athanasian E, et al. Low-grade myxofibrosarcoma: CT and MRI patterns in recurrent disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188:W193–8.
Chou SH, Hippe D, Lee A, Scherer K, Porrino J, Davidson D, et al. Gadolinium contrast enhancement improves confidence in diagnosing recurrent soft tissue sarcoma by MRI. Acad Radiol. 2017;24(5):615–22.
Lefkowitz R, Landa J, Hwang S, Zabor E, Moskowitz C, Agaram N, et al. Myxofibrosarcoma: prevalence and diagnostic value of the “tail sign” on magnetic resonance imaging. Skelet Radiol. 2013;42:809–18.
Acknowledgements
This research was funded in part through the NIH/NCI Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA008748.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Alpert, J.S., Boland, P., Hameed, M. et al. Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma: indolent, tail-like recurrence of a high-grade tumor. Skeletal Radiol 47, 141–144 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-017-2778-3
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-017-2778-3