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The assembly of gut microbiota implicates shrimp acute hepatopancreas necrosis disease progression

  • Applied Genetics and Molecular Biotechnology
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Abstract

Ample evidence shows dysbiosis in the gut microbiota when comparing healthy shrimp with those affected by severe acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND). However, the static comparison used in available studies leads to the uncertainties regarding how and to what extent the gut microbiota responds to the progressive severity of AHPND. In addition, shrimp AHPND is featured by rapid and massive mortality, thus the initiation of AHPND must be diagnosed for preemptive therapy. For these reasons, we explored the ecological assembly of gut microbiota over shrimp AHPND progression. Increasing AHPND severity was associated with linear increase in the copies of pirAB genes, relative abundance of gut Vibrio and potentially pathogenic, and reduction in the gut bacterial diversity, stability, and relative abundance of Bdellovibrio. Negative and significant association between gut Vibrio and Bdellovibrio were noted, indicating that compromised predation exerts a role in AHPND progression. Notably, the extents of departure to the healthy shrimp gut microbiota were positively coupled with the increasing severity of AHPND. After controlling the temporal variation in the gut microbiota as healthy shrimp age, we constructed a diagnosis model that accurately diagnosed the initial, progressed or moribund stages of AHPND, with an overall accuracy of 86.5%. Shrimp AHPND induced more stochastic gut microbiotas as a consequence of the attenuated ability of diseased shrimp to select their commensals, resulting in convergent bacterial communities between gut and rearing water over AHPND progression. Collectively, our findings provide important step toward the ecological assembly of gut microbiota implicating in AHPND etiology and in diagnosing AHPND stages.

Key points

• The departure of shrimp gut microbiota positively linked with AHPND severity.

• The diagnosis model accurately diagnosed the stages of AHPND.

• Shrimp AHPND induced more stochastic gut microbiota.

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Data availability

Raw sequence data were deposited into the BIG Data Center, CAS under code CRA011876 and are available at the following URL: https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/search/?dbId=&q=CRA011876.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32071549), and the K.C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China

    Jiaqi Lu, Jiangning Mao, Jiong Chen & Jinbo Xiong

  2. Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China

    Jiaqi Lu, Jiangning Mao, Xuejing Qi, Jiong Chen & Jinbo Xiong

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  1. Jiaqi Lu
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  2. Jiangning Mao
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  3. Xuejing Qi
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Contributions

JX and JC conceived and designed the research. JL, JM, and QX conducted experiments. JL and JM analyzed data. JX contributed analytical tools. JX and JL wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Jinbo Xiong.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors. The shrimp used in this study are complied with the Animal Care and Ethics Committee Policies and Guidelines of Ningbo University.

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Lu, J., Mao, J., Qi, X. et al. The assembly of gut microbiota implicates shrimp acute hepatopancreas necrosis disease progression. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 107, 7489–7500 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-023-12810-y

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