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Controlling microbial PHB synthesis via CRISPRi

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Abstract

Microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are a family of biopolyesters with properties similar to petroleum plastics such as polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP). Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is the most common PHA known so far. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats interference (CRISPRi), a technology recently developed to control gene expression levels in eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes, was employed to regulate PHB synthase activity influencing PHB synthesis. Recombinant Escherichia coli harboring an operon of three PHB synthesis genes phaCAB cloned from Ralstonia eutropha, was transformed with various single guided RNA (sgRNA with its guide sequence of 20–23 bases) able to bind to various locations of the PHB synthase PhaC, respectively. Depending on the binding location and the number of sgRNA on phaC, CRISPRi was able to control the phaC transcription and thus PhaC activity. It was found that PHB content, molecular weight, and polydispersity were approximately in direct and reverse proportion to the PhaC activity, respectively. The higher the PhaC activity, the more the intracellular PHB accumulation, yet the less the PHB molecular weights and the wider the polydispersity. This study allowed the PHB contents to be controlled in the ranges of 1.47–75.21% cell dry weights, molecular weights from 2 to 6 millions Dalton and polydispersity of 1.2 to 1.43 in 48 h shake flask studies. This result will be very important for future development of ultrahigh molecular weight PHA useful to meet high strength application requirements.

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Acknowledgements

Plasmid pBHR68 was kindly donated by Professor Alexander Steinbüchel of Munster University in Germany. This study was funded by the State Key Research Project (Grant no. 2016YFB0302504) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 31430003 and 31270146). A special Tsinghua Presidential project (Grant no. 2015THZ10) also contributed to this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    Dan Li, Li Lv, Jin-Chun Chen & Guo-Qiang Chen

  2. Center for Nano and Micro-Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    Guo-Qiang Chen

  3. MOE Key Lab for Industrial Biocatalysis, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    Guo-Qiang Chen

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  1. Dan Li
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  2. Li Lv
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  3. Jin-Chun Chen
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Correspondence to Guo-Qiang Chen.

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Li, D., Lv, L., Chen, JC. et al. Controlling microbial PHB synthesis via CRISPRi. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 101, 5861–5867 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-017-8374-6

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