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Retention and selectivity properties of carbamate pesticides on novel polar-embedded stationary phases

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Abstract

This study describes the use of stationary phases with polar functionality suitable for the chemical analysis of carbamates pesticides and comparing with conventional alkyl C8 and C18 phases. The emphasis of this study was to compare the selectivity and retention of the pesticides on different stationary phases, bonded onto 1.7 µm partially porous silica particles under isocratic separation condition. Four stationary phases including: phenylaminopropyl (PAP) phase, bidentate propylurea-C18 (BPUC18), C8 and C18, were successfully bonded on the partially porous silica spheres as evidenced by 29Si and 13C solid-state NMR analysis. The phenylaminopropyl phase exhibited smaller retentivity and enhanced selectivity compared to the alkyl C8 phase; the analysis time to run separation of the six carbamate pesticides (i.e., methomyl, propoxur, carbofuran, carbaryl, isoprocarb, and promecarb) on the PAP phase was threefold faster than alkyl C8 phase. In a similar manner, the BPUC18 phase shows similar selectivity to that of the PAP phase, but with longer retentivity; although the BPUC18 phase is characterized with a lesser degree of retentivity for the carbamate pesticides than the conventional alkyl C18 phase. We propose that π–π and weak polar interactions between the carbamate pesticides and the PAP phase dominates the separation mechanism and providing a superior selectivity; faster separation time was also achieved as a result of smaller retentivity. Whereas the C8 and C18 bonded phases exhibits only hydrophobic interactions with the pesticides, leading to larger retentivity. The BPUC18 phase is shown to interact via polar–polar interactions in addition to hydrophobic interactions with the pesticides, providing similar selectivity with the PAP phase but with larger retentivity.

The Polar embedded phase studied (PAP) bonded onto core-shell silica particles and the chromatographic separation of six carbamate pesticides using the PAP phase.

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Acknowledgements

The authors (JOO, EMS and JDG) wish to thanks Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) for funding this project under the grant code: SFI08/SFC/B1412

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Irish Separation Science Cluster (ISSC), Analytical & Biological Chemistry Research Facility (ABCRF), University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

    Jesse O. Omamogho, Elaine M. Stack, Apichai Santalad & Jeremy D. Glennon

  2. Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    Apichai Santalad & Supalax Srijaranai

  3. Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, 72074, Tübingen, Germany

    Helen Yamen & Klaus Albert

Authors
  1. Jesse O. Omamogho
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  2. Elaine M. Stack
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  3. Apichai Santalad
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  4. Supalax Srijaranai
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  5. Jeremy D. Glennon
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  6. Helen Yamen
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  7. Klaus Albert
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Correspondence to Jeremy D. Glennon.

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Omamogho, J.O., Stack, E.M., Santalad, A. et al. Retention and selectivity properties of carbamate pesticides on novel polar-embedded stationary phases. Anal Bioanal Chem 397, 2513–2524 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-010-3816-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-010-3816-3

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