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A comprehensive insight into the anti-inflammatory properties of dapsone

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Abstract

The 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS), also known as dapsone, is traditionally used as a potent anti-bacterial agent in clinical management of leprosy. For decades, dapsone has been among the first-line medications used in multidrug treatment of leprosy recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Shortly after dapsone’s discovery as an antibiotic in 1937, the dual function of dapsone (anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory) was elucidated. Dapsone exerts its anti-bacterial effects by inhibiting dihydrofolic acid synthesis, leading to inhibition of bacterial growth, while its anti-inflammatory properties are triggered by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reducing the effect of eosinophil peroxidase on mast cells and downregulating neutrophil-mediated inflammatory responses. Among the leading mechanisms associated with its anti-microbial/anti-protozoal effects, dapsone clearly has multiple antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic functions. In this regard, it has been described in treating a wide variety of inflammatory and infectious skin conditions. Previous reports have explored different molecular targets for dapsone and provided insight into the anti-inflammatory mechanism of dapsone. This article reviews several basic, experimental, and clinical approaches on anti-inflammatory effect of dapsone.

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Funding

This study was supported by Iran National Sciences Foundation (INSF).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Mina Khalilzadeh and Maryam Shayan are considered the first authors of the manuscript.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Experimental Medicine Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mina Khalilzadeh, Maryam Shayan, Sina Jourian, Mohammad Rahimi & Ahmad Reza Dehpour

  2. Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 13145-784, Iran

    Mina Khalilzadeh, Maryam Shayan, Sina Jourian, Mohammad Rahimi & Ahmad Reza Dehpour

  3. Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14496-14525, Iran

    Mohammad Sheibani

  4. Razi Drug Research Centre, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Sheibani

Authors
  1. Mina Khalilzadeh
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  2. Maryam Shayan
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  3. Sina Jourian
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  4. Mohammad Rahimi
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  5. Mohammad Sheibani
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  6. Ahmad Reza Dehpour
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Contributions

AD and MS conceived and designed the study (the idea of the study). MSh, SJ, and MR performed the literature search and data analysis. MS and MK drafted the manuscript and edited it. MS, MK, and MSh prepared Table 1. MSh and MK made critical revision and edited the manuscript. MS prepared all the figures. AD, MK, and MSh made the final editions to the paper prior the submission. All the authors have read and agreed to the submitted version of the manuscript. The authors declare that all data were generated in-house and that no paper mill was used.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Mohammad Sheibani or Ahmad Reza Dehpour.

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The protocol of this study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Khalilzadeh, M., Shayan, M., Jourian, S. et al. A comprehensive insight into the anti-inflammatory properties of dapsone. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 395, 1509–1523 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-022-02297-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-022-02297-1

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