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Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the extract of Streptomyces euryhalinus isolated from the Indian Sundarbans

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Abstract

The discovery of new antimicrobials is the prime target in the fight against antimicrobial resistance. The continuous search for new lead compounds from bacteria of untapped and extreme ecosystems such as mangroves is currently being undertaken. This study describes the metabolite profiling of the Streptomyces euryhalinus culture extract. Previously, Streptomyces euryhalinus was isolated from the mangrove forest of Indian Sundarbans as a novel microorganism. The antimicrobial mechanism of action of Streptomyces euryhalinus culture extract against bacteria and fungi has been analyzed in this study. The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry profile of the ethyl acetate extract bacterial culture displayed the presence of several bioactive compounds with antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant properties. The bacterial extract showed significant antimicrobial activity in terms of zone of inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, and minimum fungicidal concentration. Moreover, substantial capacity to alter or damage the inner membrane as well as the outer membrane of the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was exhibited by the bacterial extract. This membrane alteration or damaging potential of the extract is the mechanism of action. Biofilm formation inhibition property of the extract also signified its antimicrobial action, and possible use against resistant bacteria. The extract has shown notable activity against the virulence factors like prevention of hemolysis in bacteria and inhibition of secreted aspartyl proteinase in fungi. These functions of the bacterial extract have revealed the extent of its action in the prevention of infection by terminating the secretory virulence factors and by damaging the tissue.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to Council of Scientific and Industrial Research for funding this research (Grant No. 09/096(0717)/2012-EMR-I).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India

    Kaushik Biswas, Dhruba Bhattarcharya & Joydeep Mukherjee

  2. Eminent College of Pharmaceutical Technology, Barbaria, Barasat, Kolkata, 700126, West Bengal, India

    Kaushik Biswas

  3. Sovarani Memorial College, Jagatballavpur, Howrah, 711408, West Bengal, India

    Malay Saha

  4. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 70032, West Bengal, India

    Sanmoy Karmakar

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  1. Kaushik Biswas
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  2. Dhruba Bhattarcharya
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  3. Malay Saha
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  4. Joydeep Mukherjee
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  5. Sanmoy Karmakar
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Contributions

KB conceptualized and performed all experiments, and framed the article, DB supported to perform the cell membrane related experiments, interpretation of data and reviewed the article, MS helped to analyses the data and reviewed the article, JM conceptualized the study, supervised the study, and reviewed the article, SK supported in antibiofilm assay and hemolysis assay, and reviewed the article.

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Correspondence to Kaushik Biswas.

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We declare no conflict of interest.

Accession numbers

Chinese Centre for Industrial Culture Collection 11032T, Leibniz Institute DSMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures DSM 103378T.

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Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt.

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Biswas, K., Bhattarcharya, D., Saha, M. et al. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the extract of Streptomyces euryhalinus isolated from the Indian Sundarbans. Arch Microbiol 204, 34 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-021-02698-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-021-02698-5

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