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Volume expansion of albumin, gelatin, hydroxyethyl starch, saline and erythrocytes after haemorrhage in the rat

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Abstract

Objective

To compare the colloids 5% albumin, 4% gelatin and 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 with each other and with saline, regarding their plasma-expanding effects after haemorrhage; these were also compared with the intravascular volume-expanding effect of re-transfusion with erythrocytes.

Design

Controlled, prospective, randomised laboratory study.

Setting

University research laboratory.

Subjects

Thirty-five adult rats.

Interventions

Plasma volume was determined (I125 albumin tracer technique) after haemorrhage of 20 ml/kg and 3 h after a bolus infusion of 20 ml/kg of each of the colloids or 80 ml/kg of saline, or 6.7 ml/kg of erythrocytes diluted in 9 ml/kg of saline. Blood pressure, haematocrit (Hct), blood gases and physiological parameters were measured.

Measurements and results

Plasma volume after haemorrhage was 29.6±2.6 ml/kg (n=35). With the bolus infusion, plasma volume increased by 21.1±3.6 ml/kg in the albumin group (n=7), by 13.1±2.9 ml/kg in the gelatin group (n=7), by 13.8±2.2 ml/kg in the HES group (n=7), by 16.0±2.4 ml/kg in the saline group (n=7) and by 6.9±2.3 ml/kg in the erythrocyte group (n=7) 3 h after the infusion. In the latter group, there was a total increase in intravascular volume of 13.6±2.5 ml/kg including the erythrocyte volume. Arterial pressure was better preserved in the albumin and erythrocyte groups than in the other groups.

Conclusion

Albumin 5% was a more effective plasma volume expander than gelatin and HES. Saline, with a four times larger volume, and erythrocytes in about 1/3 of the volume had a similar volume-expanding effect to gelatin and HES.

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Acknowledgements

The study was supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council (No. 11581), from the Medical Faculty of Lund, Sweden, from Region Skåne, Sweden. Skilful technical aid from Helén Davidsson is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University and University Hospital of Lund, 221 84, Lund, Sweden

    Johan Persson & Per-Olof Grände

  2. Department of Physiological Sciences, BMC, F11 , University and University Hospital of Lund, 221 84, Lund, Sweden

    Johan Persson & Per-Olof Grände

Authors
  1. Johan Persson
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  2. Per-Olof Grände
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Correspondence to Johan Persson.

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Persson, J., Grände, PO. Volume expansion of albumin, gelatin, hydroxyethyl starch, saline and erythrocytes after haemorrhage in the rat. Intensive Care Med 31, 296–301 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-004-2510-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-004-2510-3

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