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Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen des Stillens auf die Mutter

Health effects of breastfeeding on the mother

  • Leitthema
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Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Bei den Auswirkungen des Stillens auf die mütterliche Gesundheit kann zwischen Kurzzeit- und Langzeiteffekten unterschieden werden. Zu diesem Thema wurde eine Literaturrecherche durchgeführt und es wurden soweit wie möglich Metaanalysen eingebracht.

Als Kurzzeiteffekte des Stillens können genannt werden: raschere Rückbildung der Gebärmutter, Reduktion von Stress, Verringerung des Risikos für eine postpartale Depression, Gewichtsreduktion sowie Anovulation (Ausbleiben des Eisprungs), welche einen kurzzeitigen Effekt auf die Reduktion der Fertilität bedingt. Als Langzeiteffekte werden in vielen Studien die Reduktion von Brustkrebs sowie von Ovarial- und Endometriumkarzinomen erörtert. Die Reduktion des metabolischen Syndroms, des Auftretens von Typ-II-Diabetes und koronarer Herzerkrankungen finden sich in einigen Studien wieder. Insgesamt ist ein meist dosisabhängiger, also von der Länge des Stillens beeinflusster Effekt nachzuweisen. Lediglich hinsichtlich der Osteoporoseprotektion und der postnatalen Depression bleibt die Datenlage unklar.

Abstract

We evaluated the effect of breastfeeding on maternal health outcomes. We distinguished between long-term effects (breast carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma, osteoporosis, and type 2 diabetes mellitus) and short-term effects (lactational amenorrhea, postpartum depression, and postpartum weight change).

Predominant breastfeeding increases the duration of lactational amenorrhea, which has a short-term effect on the reduction of fertility. There are many studies that show that breastfeeding is protective against breast, ovarian carcinoma, and endometrial carcinoma. The effects depend on the duration of breastfeeding. There is evidence that breastfeeding reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome and cardiac diseases. However, an association between breastfeeding and bone mineral density or maternal depression or postpartum weight change was not clearly evident.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, St. Joseph Krankenhaus Berlin-Tempelhof, Wüsthofstr. 15, 12101, Berlin, Deutschland

    Michael Abou-Dakn

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Correspondence to Michael Abou-Dakn.

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M. Abou-Dakn gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Abou-Dakn, M. Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen des Stillens auf die Mutter. Bundesgesundheitsbl 61, 986–989 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-018-2776-1

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