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Transcriptome response of cold-pretreated Pantoea agglomerans KSC03 to exogenous green leaf volatile E-2-hexenal

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Abstract

Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) are initially formed in the form of aldehydes, and then converted to alcohol and ester forms by the enzymes from plants. However, it remains unclear whether and how plant microbes work with aldehyde GLVs, especially under stressed conditions. Here, transcriptional response of cold-pretreated Pantoea agglomerans KSC03, an endophyte from Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus roots to E-2-hexenal was investigated and verified by real-time PCR and GC–MS after the time length of cold pretreatment was optimized. The results revealed that a 12-h cold stress was the most effective for KSC03 to trigger positive response to E-2-hexenal as far as the cell density was concerned. Transcriptome analysis showed that differentially expressed genes induced by E-2-hexenal were enriched in the following pathways: ABC transporter, phosphotransferase system, nitrotoluene degradation, and metabolisms of hexose and butanoate. Amongst, the upregulated transcription of gene3176 and gene4782 encoding N-ethylmaleimide reductase and diacetyl reductase in E-2-hexenal treatment was confirmed by real-time PCR. So did the enhanced production of 2,3-butanediol triggered by E-2-hexenal. Additionally, the transcription of gene3176 and gene4782 and the production of 2,3-butanediol chronologically reached their peaks in the E-2-hexenal-treated cells at the stationary phase. The results also indicated that exogenous E-2-hexanal passed through the cell membrane at the lag/early logarithmic phase and could not be utilized directly. In summary, E-2-hexenal triggers the positive cell response of cold-pretreated KSC03 at the transcriptional and metabolic levels in a time-length dependent manner.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Open Project of Scientific Research, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (grant number: ZYAOX2018016), National Key R&D Program of China (grant number: 2019YFC1710804), and the Collaborative Innovation Center of Astragali Radix Resource Industrialization and Internationalization (grant numbers: HQXTCXZX2016-002, -003, and -016).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

    Haifeng Sun & Guoyin Kai

  2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China

    Haifeng Sun, Hong Gao & Xinyu Zuo

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  1. Haifeng Sun
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  2. Hong Gao
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  3. Xinyu Zuo
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  4. Guoyin Kai
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Contributions

HS, HG, and GK contributed to the study conception and design, and performed material preparation, raw data collection and analysis. The supplemental experiment and data analysis were performed by XZ. The first draft of the manuscript was written by HS; HG and GK commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Haifeng Sun.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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The research is not involved in human participants or animals.

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Raw reads have been deposited in GenBank with Bio Project code: PRJNA680186.

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Communicated by Günther Raspotnig.

Supplementary Information

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49_2021_367_MOESM1_ESM.doc

Supplementary file1 Figure S1 Electrophoresis of the amplification products of target genes. Figure S2 The retention times and characteristic ions of the chemical standards 2,3-butanediol (A) and E-2-hexenal (B), and total ion chromogram of a representative sample (C) (DOC 114 kb)

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Sun, H., Gao, H., Zuo, X. et al. Transcriptome response of cold-pretreated Pantoea agglomerans KSC03 to exogenous green leaf volatile E-2-hexenal. Chemoecology 32, 69–79 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-021-00367-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-021-00367-z

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