Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Ionospheric Response to the Magnetic Storm of 22 June 2015

  • Published:
Pure and Applied Geophysics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A global study is made of the response of the total electron content of the ionosphere (TEC) to the geomagnetic storm occurred on 22 June 2015 (one of the strongest geomagnetic storms of the current Solar Cycle 24). Using data from 44 sites, a hemispheric comparison is made by considering high latitudes (> 50°), middle latitudes (30°–50°) and low latitudes (30°N–30°S). The main features observed were: increases in TEC at high latitudes prior to the storm main phase, a considerable asymmetry of TEC response at middle and low latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere and decreases at equatorial latitudes. The long duration enhancements in TEC were well correlated with increases in the O/N2 ratio but decreases in TEC had not associated decreases in the O/N2 ratio as occur with the decreases in the electron density. Besides, prompt penetration electric fields can play an important role in the equatorial and low-latitude ionosphere during main phase of the storm.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abdu, M. A. (1997). Major phenomena of the equatorial ionosphere-thermo- sphere system under disturbed conditions. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 59(13), 1505–1519.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Astafyeva, E., Zakharenkova, I., & Alken, P. (2016). Prompt penetration electric fields and the extreme topside ionospheric response to the June 22–23, 2015 geomagnetic storm as seen by the Swarm constellation. Earth, Planets and Space, 68, 152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Astafyeva, E., Zakharenkova, I., & Förster, M. (2015). Ionospheric response to the 2015 St. Patrick’s Day storm: A global multi-instrumental overview. Journal of Geophysical Research Space Physics, 120, 9023–9037. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JA021629.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balan, N., Shiokawa, K., Otsuka, Y., Watanabe, S., & Bailey, G. (2009). Super plasma fountain ionization anomaly during penetration electric fields. Journal of Geophysical Research, 114, A03310. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013768.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blagoveschensky, D. V., MacDougall, J. W., & Piatkova, A. V. (2006). Ionospheric effects preceding the October 2003 Halloween storm. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 68, 821–831.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blagoveshchensky, D. V., & Sergeeva, M. A. (2016). Ionosphere dynamics in the auroral zone during the magnetic storm of March 17–18, 2015. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2016.06.016.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blanc, M., & Richmond, A. D. (1980). The ionospheric disturbance dynamo. Journal of Geophysical Research, 85, 1669–1686.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bounsanto, M. J. (1999). Ionospheric storms—A review. Space Science Reviews, 88, 563–601.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buresova, D., & Lastovicka, J. (2007). Pre-storm enhancements of foF2 above Europe. Advances in Space Research, 39, 1298–1303.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Danilov, A. D. (2001). F2-region response to geomagnetic disturbances. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 63, 441–449.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Danilov, A. D. (2013). Ionospheric F-region response to geomagnetic disturbances. Advances in Space Research, 52, 343–366.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Danilov, A. D., & Lastovicka, J. (2001). Effects of geomagnetic storms on the ionosphere and atmosphere. International Journal of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 2(3), 209–224.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fejer, B. G. (1997). The electrodynamics of the low latitude ionosphere: recent results and future challenges. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 59, 1456–1482.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fuller-Rowell, T. J., Codrescu, M. V., Moffett, R. J., & Quegan, S. (1994). Response of the thermosphere and ionosphere to geomagnetic storms. Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, 3893–3914.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gonzales, W. D., Joselyn, J. A., Kamide, Y., Kroehl, H. W., Rostoker, G., Tsurutani, B. T., et al. (1994). What is geomagnetic storm? Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, 5771–5792.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Habarulema, J. B., McKinnell, L.-A., Burešová, D., Zhang, Y., Seemala, G., Ngwira, C., et al. (2013). Comparative study of TEC response for the African equatorial and mid-latitudes during storm conditions. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 102, 105–114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kane, R. P. (1973). Global evolution of F2-region storms. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 35, 1953–1966.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kane, R. P. (2005). Ionospheric foF2 anomalies during some intense geomagnetic storms. Annales Geophysicae, 23, 2487–2499.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kelley, M. C., Vlasov, M. N., Foster, J. C., & Coster, A. J. (2004). A quantitative explanation for the phenomenon known as storm-enhanced density. Geophysical Research Letters, 31, L19809. https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL020875.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mendillo, M. (2006). Storms in the ionosphere: Patterns and processes for total electron content. Reviews of Geophysics, 44(RG4001), Paper number 2005RG000193.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patowary, R., Singh, S. B., & Bhuyan, K. (2013). Latitudinal variation of F2-region response to geomagnetic disturbance. Advances in Space Research, 52, 367–374.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prölss, G. W. (1993). Common origin of positive ionospheric storms at middle latitudes and the geomagnetic activity effect at low latitudes. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98, 5981–5991.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prölss, G. W. (1995). Ionospheric F region storms. In H. Volland (Ed.), Handbook of atmospheric electrodynamics. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prölss, G. W., Brace, L. H., Mayr, H. G., Carignan, G. R., Killeen, T. L., & Klobuchar, J. A. (1991). Ionospheric storm effects at subauroral latitudes: A case study. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(A2), 1275–1288.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rishbeth, H. (1991). F-region storms and thermospheric dynamics. Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity, 43, 513–524.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rishbeth, H., & Garriott, O. K. (1969). Introduction to ionospheric physics. International geophysics series (Vol. 14). London: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, R., & Sripathi, S. (2017). Ionospheric response to 22–23 June 2015 storm as investigated using ground based ionosondes and GPS receivers over India. Journal of Geophysical Research Space Physics. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JA024460. (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunda, S., Vyas, B. M., & Khekale, P. V. (2013). Storm time spatial variations in TEC during moderate geomagnetic storms in extremely low solar activity conditions (2007–2009) over Indian region. Advances in Space Research, 52, 158–176.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Szuszczewicz, E. P., Lester, M., Wilkinson, P., Blanchard, P., Abdu, M., Hanbaba, R., et al. (1998). A comparative study of global ionospheric responses to intense magnetic storm conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103(A6), 11665–11684.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yeh, K. C., Ma, S. Y., Lin, K. H., & Conkrigh, R. O. (1994). Global ionospheric effects of the October 1989 geomagnetic storm. Journal of Geophysical Research, 99(A4), 6201–6218.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán., Av. Independencia 1800, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina

    Gustavo A. Mansilla

  2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Gustavo A. Mansilla

Authors
  1. Gustavo A. Mansilla
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gustavo A. Mansilla.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Mansilla, G.A. Ionospheric Response to the Magnetic Storm of 22 June 2015. Pure Appl. Geophys. 175, 1139–1153 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-017-1741-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-017-1741-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation