Skip to main content
Log in

Effect of a synthetic pineal tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) on melatonin secretion by the pineal gland of young and old rats

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The pineal gland contains many peptides known to be implicated in melatonin production. We examined the effects of a synthetic pineal tetrapeptide Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly on melatonin secretion by the pineal gland. The tetrapeptide effects on pineal gland melatonin secretion were studied in young (9 weeks) and old (27 months) male Wistar rats using a perifusion device. Pineal tetrapeptide at the concentrations used (10–4 to 10–6 M) had no significant effect upon melatonin secretion whatever the age of the animals, young or old. We also looked at the effect of the tetrapeptide on pineal melatonin stimulated by a β-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol. We found that isoproterenol-induced melatonin increase was not modified by the tetrapeptide. Our results suggest that the pineal tetrapeptide Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly, does not seem to play a role, at least in vitro, in the control of melatonin secretion by the rat pineal gland.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Reiter R.J. Pineal melatonin: Cell biology of its synthesis and of its physiological interactions. Endocr. Rev. 1991, 12: 151–180.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Touitou Y., Fevre M., Bogdan A. et al. Patterns of plasma melatonin with ageing and mental condition: stability of nyctohemeral rhythms and differences in seasonal variation. Acta Endocrinol. 1984, 106: 145–151.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Waldhauser F., Kovacs J., Reiter E. Age-related changes in melatonin levels in humans and its potential consequences for sleep disorders. Exp. Gerontol. 1998, 33: 759–772.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Touitou Y., Haus E. Alterations with aging of the endocrine and neuroendocrine circadian system in humans. Chronobiol. Int. 2000, 17: 369–390.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Touitou Y. Human aging and melatonin. Clinical relevance. Exp. Gerontol. 2001, 36: 1083–1100.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Reiter R.J., Tan D.X., Cabrera J. et al. The oxidant/antioxidant network: role of melatonin. Biol. Signals Recept. 1999, 8: 56–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Gitto E., Tan D.X., Reiter R.J. et al. Individual and synergistic antioxidative actions of melatonin: studies with vitamin E, vitamin C, glutathione and desferrioxamine (desferoxamine) in rat liver homogenates. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 2001, 53: 1393–1401.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Buijs R.M., Pévet P. Vasopressin- and oxytocin-containing fibres in the pineal gland and subcomissural organ of the rat. Cell Tissue Res. 1980, 205: 11–17.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Simonneaux V., Ribeleyga C., Miguez J.M., Pévet P. Physiological role of neuropeptides in the mammalian pineal gland. In: Tang P.L., Pang S.F., Reiter R.J. (Eds.), Melatonin: A universal photoperiodic signal with diverse actions. Front. Horm. Res. Karger, Basel, 1996, p. 24.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Simonneaux V., Vuillez P., Eder U., Miguez J.M., Pévet P., Fischer-Colbrie R. Secretoneurin: a new neuropeptide in the rodent pineal gland. Cell Tissue Res. 1997, 288: 427–434.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Yuwiler A., Brammer G.L. Neurotransmitters and peptides in the pineal gland. In: Wetterberg L. (Ed.), light and biological rhythms in man. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1993, p. 133.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Yuwiler A., Brammer, G.L., Bennett B.L. Interaction between adrenergic and peptide stimulation in the rat pineal: pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide. J. Neurochem. 1995, 64: 2273–2280.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Mikkelsen J.D., Hauser F., deLecea L. et al. Hypocretin (orexin) in the rat pineal gland: a central transmitter with effects on noradrenaline-induced release of melatonin. Eur. J. Neurosci. 2001, 14: 419–425.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Anisimov V.N., Bondarenko L.A., Khavinson V.Kh. The pineal peptides: Interaction with indoles and the role in aging and cancer. In: Gupta D., Wollmann H.A., Ranke M.B. (Eds.), Neuroendocrinology: New frontiers. Brain Research Promotion, London, 1990, p. 317.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Anisimov V.N., Bondarenko L.A., Khavinson V.Kh. Effect of pineal peptide preparation (Epithalamin) on life span and pineal and serum melatonin level in old rats. Ann. NY. Acad. Sci. 1992, 673: 53–57.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Anisimov V.N., Khavinson V.Kh., Mikhalski A.I., Yashin I. Effect of synthetic thymic and pineal peptides on biomarkers of ageing, survival and spontaneous tumour incidence in female CBA mice. Mech. Ageing Dev. 2001, 122: 41–68.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Anisimov V.N., Arutjunyan A.V., Khavinson V.Kh. Effects of pineal peptide preparation epithalamin on free-radical processes in human and animals. Neuroendocrinol. Lett. 2001, 22: 9–18.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Khavinson V.Kh., Morozov V.G. Novel approaches to the prevention and treatment of age-associated pathology using peptide bioregulators — Epithalamin and thymalin. In: aging in the americas: frontiers of care, policy and research. Abstr. of Pan-American Congress, February 21–24, San Antonio, 1999, p. 46.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Goncharova N.D., Khavinson V.Kh., Lapin B.A. Regulatory effect of epithalon on production of melatonin and cortisol in old monkeys. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 2001, 131: 394–396.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Khavinson V.Kh., Goncharova N., Lapin B. Synthetic tetrapeptide epitalon restores disturbed neuroendocrine regulation in senescent monkeys. Neuroendocrinol. Lett. 2001, 22: 251–254.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Zhao Z.Y., Touitou Y. Kinetic changes of melatonin release in rat pineal perifusion at different circadian stages. Effects of corticosteroids. Acta Endocrinol. 1993, 129: 81–88.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Zhao Z.Y., Touitou Y. Differences in isoproterenol-stimulated melatonin production by perifused rat pineal glands: Time dependent effects and role of enantiomeric forms. Life Sci. 1994, 54: 497–502.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Fraser S., Cowen P., Franklin M., Franey C., Arendt J. Direct radioimmunoassay for melatonin in plasma. Clin. Chem. 1983, 29: 396–397.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yvan Touitou.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Djeridane, Y., Khavinson, V.K., Anisimov, V.N. et al. Effect of a synthetic pineal tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) on melatonin secretion by the pineal gland of young and old rats. J Endocrinol Invest 26, 211–215 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03345159

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03345159

Key-words

Navigation