Skip to main content
Log in

Interactive effect of heavy metals and temperature on the growth, and chlorophyll, saccharides and soluble nitrogen contents inPhaseolus plants

  • Original Papers
  • Published:
Biologia Plantarum

Abstract

The effect of combinations of different concentrations of copper (Cu) and mercury (Hg) ions with different constant temperatures (T) onPhaseolus vulgaris plants was studied. Criteria investigated included shoot and root length, dry mass, chlorophyll content (Chl) and stability index (CSI), and contents of soluble (SS) and hydrolysable saccharides (HS), soluble proteins (SP) and total free amino acid (AA). Each of the factors (T, Cu and Hg) significantly affected the parameters tested with exception of T effect on Chlb content as well as on Chla/b ratio. Bifactorial interactions (T×Cu) or (T×Hg) were also significant, except the interaction (T×Hg) in shoot elongation, Chlb content and Chla/b ratio. Statistical treatment of the data lead to three findings: (1) temperature was dominant in affecting CSIa, shoot AA and root SS, (2) Cu and Hg had the predominant effect on growth parameters and Chl content, and (3) interactions (T×Cu and T×Hg) were dominant in affecting CSIb, shoot SP, and root HS.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ahmed, I., Hellebust, J.A.: The relationship between inorganic nitrogen metabolism and proline accumulation in osmoregulatory responses of two euryhaline microalgae.—Plant Plant Physiol.88: 348–354, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alia, Pardha Saradhi, P.: Proline accumulation under heavy metal stress.—J. Plant Physiol.138: 554–558, 1991.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clijsters, H., Van Assche, F.: Inhibition of photosynthesis by heavy metals.—Photosynth. Res.7: 31–40, 1985.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Filippis, L.F.: The effect of heavy metal compounds on the permeability ofChlorella cells.—Z. Pflanzenphysiol.92: 39–49, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dubois, M., Gilles, K.A., Hamilton, J.K., Rabers, R.A., Smith, F.: Colorimetric method for the determination of sugars and related substances.—Anal. Chem.28: 350–356, 1956.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El-Sharkawi, H.M., Springuel, I.V.: Germination of some crop plant seeds under reduced water potential.—Seed Sci. Technol.5: 677–688, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fukutaku, Y., Yamada, Y.: Source of proline nitrogen in water stressed soybean (Glycine max) II. Fate of15N-labelled protein.—Physiol. Plant.61: 622–628, 1984.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hay, R.K.M., Walker, A.L.: An Introduction to the Physiology of Crop Yield.—Longman Scientific and Technical, Harlow 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kadpal, R.P., Rao, N.A.: Alterations in the biosynthesis of proteins and nucleic acids in finger millet (Eleucine coracana) seedling during water stress and the effect of proline on protein biosynthesis. —Plant Sci.40: 73–79, 1985.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laliberte, G., Hellebust, J.A.: Regulation of proline content ofChlorella autotropica in response to change in salinity.—Can. J. Bot.67: 1959–1965, 1989.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, Y.P., Takahanshi, T.: An improved colorimetric determination of amino acids with the use of ninhydrine.—Anal. Biochem.14: 71–77, 1966.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levitt, J.: Responses of Plant to Environmental Stresses. Vol. 1.—Academic Press, New York 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lidon, F.C., Henriques, F.S.: Effects of copper on the nitrate to ammonia reduction mechanism in rice plants.—Photosynthetica26: 371–380, 1992.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lidon, F.C., Henriques, F.S.: Changes in the contents of the photosynthetic electron carriers, RNase activity and membrane permeability, triggered by excess copper in rice.—Photosynthetica28: 99–108, 1993.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Long, SP, Woodward, F.I (ed.): Plants and Temperature.—Company of Biologists, Cambridge 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., Randall, R.J.: Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent.—J. biol. Chem.193: 265–275, 1951.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohanty, N., Mohanty, P.: Cation effects on primary processes of photosynthesis.—In: Singh, R., Sawhney, S.K. (ed.): Advances in Frontier Areas of Plant Biochemistry, Pp. 1–18. Prentice-Hall, New Delhi 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murthy, S.D.S., Bukhov, N.G., Mohanty, P.: Mercury-induced alterations of chlorophylla fluorescence kinetics in cyanobacteria: multiple effects of mercury on electron transport.—J. Photochem. Photobiol.6: 373–380, 1990.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murty, K.S., Majumder, S.K.: Modification of technique for determination of chlorophyll stability index in relation to studies of drought resistance in rice.—Curr. Sci.31: 470–471, 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nath, R.: Biochemical effects.—In: Bhatia, B. (ed.): Environmental Pollution of Cadmium, Biological Physiological and Health Effects. Pp. 60–110, Interprint, New Delhi 1986.

  • Nikolopoulos, D., Manetas, Y.: Compatible solutes andin vitro stability ofSalsola soda enzymes: proline incompatibility.—Phytochemistry30: 411–413, 1991.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ohsumi, Y., Kitamoto, K., Anraku, Y.: Changes induced in the permeability barrier of the yeast plasma mambrane by cuperic ion.—J. Bacteriol.170: 2676–2682, 1988.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ostle, B.: Statistics in Research.—Iowa State University Press, Ames 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  • Påhlsson, A.M.B.: Toxicity of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb) to vascular plants.—Water Air Soil Pollut.47: 287–319, 1989.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paleg, L., Stewart, G.R. and Bradbeer, J.W.: Proline and glycine betaine influences protein solvation. —Plant Physiol.75: 974–978, 1984.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Passow, H., Rothstein, A., Clarkson, T.W.: The general pharmacology of the heavy metals.— Pharmacol. Rev.13: 185–224, 1961.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pucher, W.G., Leavensworth, C.S., Vickery, H.B.: Determination of starch in plant tissues.—Anal. Chem.20: 850–853, 1948.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stiborová, M., Ditrichová, M., Březinová, A.: Effect of heavy metal ions on growth and biochemical characteristics of photosynthesis of barley and maize seedlings.—Biol. Plant.29: 453–467, 1987.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stobart, A.K., Griffiths, W.T., Ameen-Bukhari, I., Sherwood, R.P.: The effect of Cd on the biosynthesis of chlorophyll in leaves of barley.—Physiol. Plant.63: 293–298, 1985.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stoyanova, D.P., Tchakalova, E.S.: The effect of lead and copper on the photosynthetic apparatus inElodea canadensis Rich.—Photosynthetica28: 63–74, 1993.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Todd, G.W., Basler, E.: Fate of various protoplasmic constituents in droughted wheat plants.—Phyton22: 79–85, 1965.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van Asshe, F., Clijsters, H.: Effects of metals on enzyme activity in plants.—Plant Cell Environ.13: 195–206, 1990.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Steveninck, R.F.M., Van Steveninck, M.E., Wells, A.J., Fernando, D.R.: Zinc tolerance and the binding of zinc as zinc phytate inLemna minor. X-ray microanalytical evidence.—J. Plant Physiol.137: 140–146, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wainwright, S.J., Woolhouse, H.W.: Some physiological aspects of copper and zinc tolerance inAgrostis tenuis Sibth.: Cell elongation and membrane damage.—J. exp. Bot.28: 1029–1036, 1977.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Woodward, F.I. Climate and Plant Distribution.—Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1987.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Gadallah, M.A.A. Interactive effect of heavy metals and temperature on the growth, and chlorophyll, saccharides and soluble nitrogen contents inPhaseolus plants. Biol Plant 36, 373–382 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02920935

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02920935

Keywords

Navigation