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Sn(II)-Treated MoO3 as cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries

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Abstract

We report on the synthesis and structural, thermal and electrochemical characterisation of reduced molybdenum oxides with layered α-MoO3 type structure. The samples have been prepared by reactions of various amounts of water-free tin dichloride with fine-particulated orthorhombic molybdenum trioxide in n-hexane (non-aqueous media) or in aqueous media, which yielded materials with different Sn:Mo ratio. XRD investigations of these materials proved that the crystal structure of the layered α-MoO3 has been maintained after the reduction process. No crystalline impurity phases (e.g. tin oxides) could be detected by XRD.

The tin-reduced samples exhibited a drastically improved cycling stability and capacity retention on cycling in 1 M LiClO4/propylene carbonate, i.e. the discharge capacities were well above 100 mAh g−1 after 20 cycles whereas the non-treated MoO3 (reference sample) has retained only about 45 mAh g−1. At higher cycle numbers (approx. cycle 100) the discharge capacity of the reduced molybdenum oxides stabilises at a level of approx. 100 mAh g−1. This significant improvement of the rechargeability may be related to improved electronic conductivity and/or higher structural stabilisation of the layered MoO3 structure either due to (i) a coating of the MoO3 particles with a protective thin layer of a tin containing compounds, and/or (ii) an amorphisation of the structure after reductive treatment. Further efforts of this study were devoted to a variation of the conductive carbon content in the electrode composition and to changes of cut-off voltages and current densities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Chemical Technology of Inorganic Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 16, A-8010, Graz, Austria

    A. M. Hashim, G. H. Wrodnigg, M. Winter, J. H. Albering & J. O. Besenhard

  2. National Research Center, Tahrir Street, Giza, Cairo, Egypt

    A. M. Hashim & M. H. Askar

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  1. A. M. Hashim
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  2. G. H. Wrodnigg
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  3. M. H. Askar
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  4. M. Winter
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  5. J. H. Albering
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  6. J. O. Besenhard
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Correspondence to A. M. Hashim or J. O. Besenhard.

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Hashim, A.M., Wrodnigg, G.H., Askar, M.H. et al. Sn(II)-Treated MoO3 as cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries. Ionics 8, 183–191 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02376067

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02376067

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