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The age and nature of Mesozoic-Tertiary magmatism across the Indus Suture Zone in Kashmir and Ladakh (N. W. India and Pakistan)

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Zusammenfassung

Die neuen40Ar/39Ar Altersbestimmungen lauten wie folgt: Monzodiorit- und Tremolit-Actinolit-Schiefer des Kohistan Komplexes weisen ein Alter von 130–150 und 90–100 m. J. auf; Probeentnahmen aus einem das Batholith-Komplex des Ladakh-Deosai durchschneidenden Gangsystem weisen ein Alter von 44±0,5, 39,7±0,2 m. J. auf; ein Diorit aus der Shyok Mélange war 130–145 m. J. alt; und ein einem späteren Stadium angehörender Monzogranit des Karakorum-Batholith war 7,8± 0,1 m. J. alt. Die Bedeutung des Wertes von 261±13 m. J. für Gneis aus dem Karakorum-Batholith ist noch unbestimmt.

Diese Datierungen und bereits veröffentlichte Datierungen, die wir hier wiedergeben, sowie auch einige Meßwerte für Sr-Isotope lassen aufgrund von Subduktionswechsel zwischen den indischen und asiatischen Randgebieten während des Schließens des Tethysozeans, folgende Annahmen zu:

Spätkretazische Ablagerungen des kretazischen Inselbogens von Dras-Kohistan und folgende schnelle Abkühlung zwischen ca. 85 und 45 m. J.

Eine tektonisch ruhige Phase auf der örtlichen indischen Kontinentalplatte im Paläozän und frühen Eozän während der Subduktion im asiatischen Randgebiet.

Ein weiterer Schub des Indischen Kontinental-Randes nach Süden in Zusammenhang mit der Bildung eines Anden-ähnlichen Bogens (des Ladakh-Deosai-Batholithen) im nördlichen indischen Randgebiet im Eozän.

Ein oligozäner andischer Bogen (die Karakorum-Batholithen) im asiatischen Randgebiet, gefolgt von einer miozänen Kollision der zwei Kontinente sowie der Intrusion von „echten Graniten“, die durch teilweises Verschmelzen der Kontinentalkruste verursacht wurden.

Abstract

We report the following new40Ar/39Ar ages: 130–150 and 90–100 Ma from monzodiorite and tremolite-actinolite schist of the Kohistan Complex; 44±0.5, 39.7±0.2 Ma from dikes cutting the Ladakh-Deosai Batholith Complex; 130–145 Ma from a diorite in the Shyok melange; and 7.8±0.1 Ma from a late stage monzogranite of the Kärakorum Batholith. A 261±13 Ma age from gneiss of the Karakorum Batholith is of uncertain significance.

These dates, previously published ones which we summarize here, and some Sr isotope data suggest the following, (due to subduction switching between the Indian and Asian margins during closing of the Tethys ocean):

Late Cretaceous emplacement of the Dras-Kohistan Cretaceous Island arc, followed by rapid cooling between abut 85 and 45 Ma.

A quiet phase tectonically on the northern Indian plate during the Palaeocene to early Eocene, when subduction was occurring on the Asian margin.

Further southward thrusting of the Indian continental margin associated with the development of an Andean-type arc (the Ladakh-Desosai Batholiths) on the northern Indian margin during the Eocene.

An Oligocene Andean arc (the Karakorum Batholiths) on the Asian margin, followed by Miocene collision of the two continents and intrusion of ‘true’ granites derived from partial melting of continental crust.

Résumé

Nous faisons état ici des nouvelles datations40Ar/39Ar suivantes: 130 à 150 et 90 à 100 M. a. provenant du schiste monzodiorite et trémolite-actinolite du complexe du Kuhistan; 44±0,5, 39,7±0,2 M. a. provenant des dikes recoupant le complexe des batholites du Ladakh-Deosai; 130 à 145 M. a. provenant d'une diorite dans le mélange du Shyok; et de 7,8±à 0,1 M. a. provenant d'un stade tardif de monzogranite du batholite du massif de Karakoram. D'après un gneiss du batholite du massif de Karakoram, l'âge 261±13 M. a. est d'une signification incertaine.

Ces dates, d'autres qui ont été précédemment publiées et que nous résumons dans cet article, ainsi que quelques données sur l'isotope Sr suggèrent les faits suivants, dus au changement de la subduction entre les marges indienne et asiatique lors de la fermeture de la Téthys.

Mise en place tardive au Crétacé de l'arc insulaire crétacé du Dras-Kuhistan, suivie d'un refroidissement rapide entre 85 et 45 M. a. environ.

Phase tranquille, sur le plan tectonique, sur la plaque N. de l'Inde allant du Paléocène à l'Éocène ancien, lors de la subduction de la marge asiatique.

Poussée vers le sud de la marge continentale de l'Inde associées au développement d'un arc de type andin (les batholites du Ladakh-Deosai) sur la marge N. de l'Inde à l'Éocène.

Arc andin oligocène (les batholites du Karakoram) sur la marge asiatique, suivi d'une collision au Miocène des deux continents et de l'intrusion de «véritables» granites provenant de la fonte partielle de la croûte continentale.

Краткое содержание

С помощью геохроноло гического метода40А r/39Аr удалось установить, что возраст сланцев монц одиоритов и тремолит-актинилитов в комплексе Когистан составляет 130–150 и 90–100 Ма; п робы жил, прорывающих батолитовый комплекс Ладах-Деоза й указывают на возрас т 44 ∓ 0,5, 39,7 ∓ 0,2 Ма; возраст диоритов из Ш айок-меланжа равен 130–145 Ма, а монцогранита из поздних стадий батол ита Каракорум −7,8 ∓ 0,1 Ма, о днако возраст для гнейса батолита Каракорум в 261 ∓ 13 Ма еще не уточнен.

Эти данные, как и опубл икованные в предыдущ их работах, так и из настоя щего опубликования, к ак и данные измерения изотопов стронция разрешают сделать следующие вы воды, основанные на см ене субдукции краевых зо н индийской и азиатско й плит во время закрыт ия океана Тетис.

Позднемеловые отлож ения на островной дуг е Драс-когистан мелово го возраста и быстрое ох лаждение имело место примерно 85−45 Ма тому назад.

Субдукции краевой зо ны азиатского контин ента в палеоцене и раннем эоцене характеризов ались тектонически с покойной фазой на севере матер иковой платформы.

Дальнейшее простира ние индийского матер икового края на юг стоит в связи с образование в эоцене на севере инди йской краевой зоны дуги, схо дной с Андами (батолиты Лад ах-Дезозай).

Такая же дуга олигоце нового возраста (бато литы Каракорума) в азиатск ой краевой зоне материк а сопровождает колли зию двух материков и интрузию „истинных гранитов“, образованных при час тичном оплавлений материко вой коры.

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Author notes

  1. P. H. Reynolds

    Present address: Department of Geology, Dalhousie University, B3H 3J5, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

  2. M. E. Brookfield

    Present address: Department of Land Resource Science, Guelph University, NIG 2W1, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

  3. R. H. McNutt

    Present address: Department of Geology, McMaster University, L8S 4M1, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

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    Reynolds, P.H., Brookfield, M.E. & McNutt, R.H. The age and nature of Mesozoic-Tertiary magmatism across the Indus Suture Zone in Kashmir and Ladakh (N. W. India and Pakistan). Geol Rundsch 72, 981–1003 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01848351

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