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Rare earth element fractionation in metamorphogenic hydrothermal calcite, magnesite and siderite

Fraktionierung der seltenen Erd-Elemente in metamorphogenen hydrothermoclen Calciten, Magnesiten und Sideriten

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Summary

Normalized REE patterns of aqueous solutions and their precipitates bear information on the physico-chemical environments a fluid experienced during REE mobilization, fluid migration and minerogenesis. Positive Eu and Yb anomalies indicate REE mobilization by a F−-, OH−- and CO3 2−-poor fluid in a high-temperature regime, but are only retained by a precipitating mineral if precipitation occurs in a low-temperature environment. Negative Ce anomalies are typical of oxidizing conditions and are unlikely to develop during siderite precipitation. LREE/HREE fractionation is controlled by fluid composition and “mineralogical control”. REE patterns of Ca minerals allow to class the reacting fluids in “normal” (Ca/ligand ≫ 1) and “ligand-enriched” (Ca/ligand ≈ 1), the latter being characteristic for remobilization processes.

The Radenthein magnesite and Hüttenberg siderite deposits, both Carinthia, Austria, are discussed and shown to be of non-sedimentary, non-metamorphic, but metamorphogenic metasomatic origin.

Zusammenfassung

Normierte Lanthaniden-Verteilungsmuster wässeriger Lösungen und deren Präzipitate enthalten Informationen über die verschiedenen physiko-chemischen Bedingungen, denen die Fluidphase während der Mobilisierung der Lanthaniden, der Migration und der Minerogenese ausgesetzt war. Positive Eu- und Yb-Anomalien weisen auf eine Mobilisierung der Lanthaniden bei erhöhten Temperaturen durch eine F−-, OH−-und CO3 2−-arme Lösung. Die positiven Anomalien der Lösung werden jedoch nur dann auf ein Mineral übertragen, wenn dessen Präzipitation in einem niedrigen Temperaturbereich erfolgt. Negative Ce-Anomalien sind Indikatoren oxischer Bedingungen, weshalb ihre Entwicklung im Verlauf einer Siderit-Präzipitation weitgehend ausgeschlossen werden kann. Die Fraktionierung von leichten und schweren Lanthaniden wird von der chemischen Zusammensetzung der Fluidphase und der “mineralogischen Kontrolle” bestimmt. Die Lanthaniden-Verteilungsmuster von Ca-Mineralen erlauben es, deren Mutter-Lösungen in “normal” (Ca/Liganil ≫1) und “Liganden-reich” (Ca/Liganil ≈ 1) zu untergliedern, wobei letztere für Remobilisierungsprozesse typisch sind.

Verschiedene minerogenetische Modelle für Spatmagnesite aus der Lagerstätte Radenthein und Siderite aus der Lagerstätte Hüttenberg, beide Kärnten, Österreich, werden vor dem Hintergrund deren Lanthaniden-Verteilung diskutiert. Es wird gezeigt, daß sowohl für die Radenthein-Magnesite als auch für die Hüttenberg-Siderite nur ein nicht-sedimentäres, nicht-metamorphes, wohl aber metamorphogen-metasomatisches minerogenetisches Modell mit der Lanthaniden-Verteilung kompatibel ist.

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  1. Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin, Glienicker Strasse 100, D-1000, Berlin 39, Germany

    M. Bau & P. Möller

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  1. M. Bau
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  2. P. Möller
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Bau, M., Möller, P. Rare earth element fractionation in metamorphogenic hydrothermal calcite, magnesite and siderite. Mineralogy and Petrology 45, 231–246 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01163114

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