Abstract
This chapter notes that in the modern world, there is a gradual greening of industrial, agricultural, and other products, which is manifested in a gradual reduction in the negative impact on the environment. Such work is being carried out to achieve several goals and objectives related to reducing greenhouse gas emissions (which will slow down the processes of global climate change), switching to sustainable development standards, and reducing the volume of production and consumption waste. One of the leading directions of this work is the greening of energy, which is manifested in the transition to environmentally friendly technologies. The world practice of recent years speaks of a rapid growth in electricity production from renewable sources, which raises the question of the role of law and legal science in understanding and stimulating this trend. The study showed that all natural resources can be classified according to different criteria. It is possible according to the criterion of origin—for biological (forests, plants, animals), mineral (minerals), and energy (solar energy, wind energy, etc.). It is possible according to the ecological content for exhaustible (renewable and non-renewable) and inexhaustible (solar, wind, tidal energy). It is possible according to the degree of actual use—real and potential, according to the criterion of substitutability of some by others-replaceable and irreplaceable. Currently, all the BRICS and EAEU countries have adopted special laws on the development of renewable energy sources. The Russian legislator went the other way, including provisions on RES in the basic Federal law “On Electric Power Industry”. The authors note that all laws provide for comparable economic and organizational measures aimed at creating conditions for the development of renewable energy sources. The existing practice of developing the renewable energy system in all the BRICS and EAEU countries leaves some issues unresolved that require further discussion and resolution. Among them are questions about the role of the state in increasing the competitiveness of renewable energy sources; measures to be taken to reduce the environmental danger of renewable energy sources; measures in the field of neighborhood law aimed at guaranteeing the rights of owners of renewable energy sources, etc. A comprehensive legal solution to the issue of further development of renewable energy is cross-sectoral and will require amendments and additions to civil, environmental, energy, and other legislation.
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The work was supported by Russian Science Foundation (project No. 20-18-00314).
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Inshakova, A.O., Anisimov, A.P. (2022). Legal Regulation of the Development of Renewable Energy Sources in Russia, the BRICS, and EAEU Countries. In: Inshakova, A.O., Frolova, E.E. (eds) Smart Technologies for the Digitisation of Industry: Entrepreneurial Environment. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol 254. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4621-8_30
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