Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a common disease. The worldwide prevalence of diabetes- especially of the predominant type 2 diabetes mellitus which accounts for about 90% of the adult diabetic population-has increased rapidly and continuously during the last several decades. This phenomenon is a direct consequence of negative lifestyle changes in the population, including a reduction of physical activity and the availability of energydense food rich in saturated fat, leading to an increased prevalence of obesity. The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus in adults is predicted to increase to 5.4% in the year 2025 [1].
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
King H, Aubert RE, Herman WH (1998) Global burden of diabetes 1995–2025. Prevalence, numerical estimates and projections. Diabetes Care 21:1414–31
Rydén L, Malmberg K (2000) Reducing the impact of diabetic heart’s increased vulnerability to cardiovascular disease. Dialogues Cardiovasc Med 5:5–22
Kannel WB, McGee DL (1979) Diabetes and cardiovascular disease. JAMA 241:2035–8
Clark CM, Perry RC (1999) Type 2 diabetes and macrovascular disease. Epidemiology and etiology. Am Heart J 138:330–3
Amato L, Paolisso G, Cacciatore F et al, on behalf of the Osservatorio Geriatrico Regione Campania Group (1997) Congestive heart failure predicts the development of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in the elderly. Diabetes Metab 23:213–8
Furberg CD, Psaty BM, Manolio TA et al (1994) Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in elderly subjects (the Cardiovascular Health Study). Am J Cardiol 74:236–41
Stratton IM, Adler AJ, Neil HA et al (2000) Association of glycemia with macrovascular and microvascular complicatons of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35). BMJ 321:405–12
Maggioni AP, Latini R, Carson PE et al (2005) Valsartan reduces the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure: results from the Valsartan Heart Failure Trial (Val-HeFT). Am Heart J 149:548–57
Vermes E, Tardif JC, Bourassa MG et al (2003) Enalapril decreases the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Insight from the Studies Of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD) Trials. Circulation 107:2926–31
Poole-Wilson PA, Swedberg K, Cleland JGF et al (2003) Comparison of carvedilol and metoprolol on clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure in the Carvedilol Or Metoprolol European Trial (COMET): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 362:7–13
Young JB, Dunlap ME, Pfeffer MA et al (2004) Mortality and morbidity reduction with candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction: results of the CHARM Low-Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Trials. Circulation 110:2618–26
The CONSENSUS Trial Study Group (1987) Effect of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 316:1429–35
Bode F, Katchman A, Woosley RL et al (2000) Gadolinium decreases stretch-induced vulnerability to atrial fibrillation. Circulation 101: 2200–5
Shinagawa K, Shi YF, Tardif JC et al (2002) Dynamic nature of atrial fibrillation substrate during development and reversal of heart failure in dogs. Circulation 105:2672–8
Tsang TS, Gersh BJ, Appleton CP et al (2002) Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction as a predictor of the first diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in 840 elderly men and women. J Am Coll Cardiol 40:1636–44
Li D, Fareh S, Leung TK et al (1999) Promotion of atrial fibrillation by heart failure in dogs: atrial remodeling of a different sort. Circulation 100:87–95
Cha YM, Dzeja PP, Shen WK et al (2003) Failing atrial myocardium: energetic deficits accompany structural remodeling and electrical instability. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 284:H1313–H1320
Wood D, De Backer G, Faergeman O et al (1998) Prevention of coronary heart disease in clinical practice. Summary of recommendations of the Second Joint Task Force of European and other Societies on Coronary prevention. Eur Heart J 19:1434–1503
Swedberg K, Olsson L, Charlesworth A et al (2005) Prognostic relevance of atrial fibrillation in patients with chronic heart failure on long-term treatment with beta-blockers: results from COMET. Eur Heart J 26:1303–8
Bergstrom A, Andersson B, Edner M et al (2001) Carvedilol improves diastolic function in patients with diastolic heart failure [Abstract 3388]. Circulation 104(Suppl 2):718
Remme WJ, Riegger G, Hildebrandt P et al (2004) The benefits of early combination treatment of carvedilol and an ACE-inhibitor in mild heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The carvedilol and ACE-inhibitor remodelling mild heart failure evaluation trial (CARMEN). Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 18:57–66
Mihm MJ, Yu F, Carnes CA et al (2001) Impared myofibrillar energetics and oxydative injury during human atrial fibrillation. Circulation 104:174
Giugliano D, Acampora R, Marfella R et al (1997) Metabolic and cardiovascular effects of carvedilol and atenolol in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and hypertension: a randomised, control trial. Ann Intern Med 126:955
Ohtsuka T, Hamada M, Saeki H et al (2002) Comparison of effects of carvedilol versus metoprolol on cytokine levels in patients with idopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 89:996
Aviles RJ, Martin DO, Apperson-Hansen C et al (2003) Inflammation as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation. Circulation 108:3006–10
McGuire DK, Granger CB et al (1999) Diabetes and ischemic heart disease. Am Heart J 138:S366–S375
Nesto RW, Zarich S (1998) Acute myocardial infarction in diabetes mellitus: lessons learned from ACE inhibition. Circulation 97:12–5
Zuanetti G, Latini R, Maggioni AP et al, for the GISSI-3 investigators (1997) Effect of the ACE inhibitor lisinopril on mortality in diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction: data from the GISSI-3 study. Circulation 96:4239–45
Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Study Investigators (2000) Effects of ramipril on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in people with diabetes mellitus: results of the HOPE study and MICRO-HOPE substudy. Lancet 355:253–9
Lindholm LH, Ibsen H, Dahlöf B et al, for the LIFE study group (2002) Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol. Lancet 359:1004–10
Dahlöf B, Devereux RB, Kjeldsen SE et al, for the LIFE study group: cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE) (2002): a randomised trial against atenolol. Lancet 359:995–1003
Kumagai K, Nakashima H, Urata H et al (2003) Effects of angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist on electrical and structural remodeling in atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 41:2197–204
Pedersen OD, Bagger H, Køer L et al (1999) Trandolapril reduces the incidence of atrial fibrillation after acute myocardial infarction in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Circulation 100:376–80
Fortuno MA, Ravassa S, Etayo JC et al (1998) Overexpression of Bax protein and enhanced apoptosis in the left ventricle of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Effects of AT1 blockade with losartan. Hypertension 32:280–6
Nakashima H, Kumagai K, Urata H et al (2000) Angiotensin II antagonist prevents electrical remodeling in atrial fibrillation. Circulation 101: 2612–7
Kumagai K, Nakashima H et al (2003) Effects of angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist on electrical and structural remodeling in atrial fibrillation J Am Coll Cardiol 41:2197
Madrid AH, Bueno MG, Rebollo JM et al (2002) Use of irbesartan to maintain sinus rhythm in patients with long-lasting persistent atrial fibrillation. A prospective and randomized study. Circulation 106:331–6
Lopez B, Querejeta R, Varo N, Gonzalez A et al (2001) Usefulness of serum carboxyterminal propeptide of procollagen type I in assessment of the cardioreparative ability of antihypertensive treatment in hypertensive patients. Circulation 104:286–91
Wachtell K, Lehto M, Gerdts E et al (2005) Angiotensin II receptor blockade reduces new-onset atrial fibrillation and subsequent stroke compared to atenolol: the Losartan Intervention for End Point Reduction in Hypertension (LIFE) study. J Am Coll Cardiol 45:712–9
Hansson L, Zanchetti A, Carruthers SG et al (1998) Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principial results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomised trial. HOT Study Group. Lancet 351:1755–62
Opie L (2000) What is the most effective management of hypertension in diabetes? Dialogues Cardiovasc Med 5:23–9
Syvanne M, Taskinen MR (1997) Lipids and lipoproteins as coronary risk factors in non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Lancet 350(Suppl 1):S120–S123
Pyörälä K, Pedersen TR, Kjekshus J et al (1997) Cholesterol lowering with simvastatin improves prognosis of diabetic patients with coronary heart disease. A subgroup analysis of the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Diabetes Care 20:614–20
Goldberg RB, Mellies MJ, Sacks FM et al (1998) Cardiovascular events and their reduction with pravastatin in diabetic and glucose-intolerant myocardial infarction survivors with average cholesterol levels: subgroup analyses in the cholesterol and recurrent events (CARE) trial. Circulation 98:2513–19
The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group (1998) Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 339:1349–57
Stern MP (1998) The effect of glycemic control on the incidence of macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes. Arch Fam Med 7:155–62
Klein R (1995) Hyperglycemia and microvascular and macrovascular disease in diabetes. Diabetes Care 18:258–68
Moss SE, Klein R, Klein BEK et al (1994) The association of glycemia and cause-specific mortality in a diabetic population. Arch Intern Med 154:2473–9
Gaster B, Hirsch IB (1998) The effects of improved glycemic control on complications in type 2 diabetes. Arch Intern Med 158:134–40
Andersson DKG, Svardsudd K (1995) Long-term glycemic control relates to mortality in type II diabetes. Diabetes Care 18:1534–43
Kuusisto J, Mykkanen L, Pyorala K et al (1994) NIDDM and its metabolic control predict coronary heart disease in elderly subjects. Diabetes 43:960–7
Mehta S, Yususf S, Peters R et al, for the Clopidogrel in Unstable Angina to Prevent Recurrent Events trial (CURE) Investigators (2001) Effects of pretreatment with clopidogrel and aspirin followed by long-term therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: the PCI-CURE study. Lancet 358:527–33
Rubins HB, Robins SJ, Collins D, Fye CL et al (1999) Gemfibrozil for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in men with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Veterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Intervention Trial Study Group. N Engl J Med 34:410–8
Clarke PM, Gray AM, Briggs A et al (2004) A model to estimate the lifetime health outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes: the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Outcomes Model (UKPDS no. 68). Diabetologia. 47:1747–1759
Malmberg K, Rydén L, Efendic S (1995) A randomized study of insulin-glucose infusion followed by subcutaneous insulin treatment in diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction: effects on 1-year mortality. J Am Coll Cardiol 26:57–65
Malmberg K, Norhammar A, Wedel H et al (1999) Glucometabolic state at admission: important risk marker of mortality in conventionally treated patients with diabetes mellitus and acute myocardial infarction: long term results from the DIGAMI study. Circulation 99:2626–32
Von Bibra H, Thrainsdottir IS, Hansen A et al (2004) Augmented metabolic control improves myocardial diastolic function and perfusion in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes. Heart 9:1483–1484
No authors listed (2001) ACC/AHA/ESC guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation. Task Force Report. Eur Heart J 22:1852–1923
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2007 Springer-Verlag Italia
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Aleksova, A., Perkan, A., Sinagra, G. (2007). Heart Failure, Atrial Fibrillation, and Diabetes Mellitus. In: Perioperative Critical Care Cardiology. Topics in Anaesthesia and Critical Care. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0558-7_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0558-7_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
Print ISBN: 978-88-470-0557-0
Online ISBN: 978-88-470-0558-7
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)