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Polyamine Interactions with Plant Hormones: Crosstalk at Several Levels

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Polyamines

Abstract

Polyamines play important roles in diverse plant growth and development processes, including seed germination, tissue lignification, organogenesis, flowering, pollination, embryogenesis, fruit development, ripening, abscission, senescence, and stress responses. In all these processes, synergistic and antagonistic interactions among various plant hormones have been shown. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the regulation of biosynthesis and signal transduction mechanisms for most of the plant hormones, inroads into the molecular mechanisms underlying polyamine (PA) action have just begun. Little is known or understood about the signal transduction pathways regulating a myriad of PA effects. We, therefore, embarked on evaluating and collating the information on changes in the transcriptome based on metabolic engineering of the PA pathway as well as mutants of PA biosynthesis. Also taken into consideration are the studies using exogenous application of PAs. Our analysis has revealed complex and differential relationships among the three main PAs—putrescine, spermidine and spermine—in regard to regulation of plant hormone biosynthesis and signaling. Putrescine was positively linked to the expression of genes regulating ABA biosynthesis but downregulated those of ethylene, jasmonates, and gibberellin biosynthesis, and the action of spermidine was found to be exactly opposite. Spermine, on the other hand, enhanced genes for ethylene and jasmonates biosynthesis but downregulated those for gibberellins and abscisic acid biosynthesis. In regard to hormone signaling pathways, spermidine positively regulated salicylic acid signaling genes, and those of auxin and cytokinins signaling genes were linked to spermine action. Putrescine was neutral to positive in regulating jasmonates signaling. PAs seem to be neutral in regard to brassinosteroids biosynthesis or signaling pathways.

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Acknowledgments

The research of A.K.H. is supported by USDA/NIFA 2010-65115-20374 and USDA/NIFA 2012-67017-30159. R.A. is partially supported by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan. Trade names or commercial products mentioned in this publication are only to provide specific information and do not imply any recommendation or endorsement by the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA

    Raheel Anwar & Avtar K. Handa

  2. Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA

    Autar K. Mattoo

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  1. Raheel Anwar
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Correspondence to Avtar K. Handa .

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  1. Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai-city, Miyagi, Japan

    Tomonobu Kusano

  2. Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan

    Hideyuki Suzuki

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Anwar, R., Mattoo, A.K., Handa, A.K. (2015). Polyamine Interactions with Plant Hormones: Crosstalk at Several Levels. In: Kusano, T., Suzuki, H. (eds) Polyamines. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55212-3_22

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