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Analytical strategies for arsenic speciation in environmental and biological samples

  • Chapter
Organic Metal and Metalloid Species in the Environment

Abstract

Arsenic as a metalloid has a rich inorganic and organic chemistry, because of the bond strength to sulfur and carbon. It occurs mainly in two different valencies: +III and +V. The standard redox potential for the inorganic arsenic oxo-compounds (As(III) / As(V)) is moderate (E° = +0.57 V) and can therefore easily be interchanged in the natural environment. The inorganic oxo-compounds As2O3 in solution as As(OH)3 and As2O5 as H3AsO4 are very soluble in water in contrast to arsenic-sulfur species As2S3, AsS, etc. This indicates that it is more important to focus on the oxides and their hydrolyzed counterparts than the sulfide species, if biogeochemical processes are studied. However, they might be important in sulfide-rich environments, in which arsenic can form sulfide-containing compounds. The sulfide replaces the oxide in their oxoanions for instance in thioarsenate (H3AsO3S). This is an understudied area and only few papers have ever covered this area (Schwedt and Rieckhoff 1996). In contrast to the other members of the group 15 in the Periodic Table of the Elements arsenic does not form oligoanions or polymers like phosphorous or the more metallic antimony. Halogenated arsenic compounds such as AsC13 might exist in the environment (Mester and Sturgeon 2002), but tend to hydrolyse quickly to their oxide, while arsine (AsH3) seems to occur in small concentrations as a metabolite of microorganisms (Cullen and Reimer 1989).

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Authors
  1. J. Feldmann
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  2. S. Devalla
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  3. A. Raab
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  4. H. R. Hansen
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Environmental Analytics, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117, Essen, Germany

    Alfred V. Hirner

  2. Joint Research Centre Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, European Commission, 2440, Geel, Belgium

    Hendrik Emons

  3. Institut für Umweltanalytik, Universität Essen, Universitätsstr. 3-5, 45141, Essen, Germany

    Alfred V. Hirner

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© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Feldmann, J., Devalla, S., Raab, A., Hansen, H.R. (2004). Analytical strategies for arsenic speciation in environmental and biological samples. In: Hirner, A.V., Emons, H. (eds) Organic Metal and Metalloid Species in the Environment. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09135-7_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09135-7_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-05873-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-09135-7

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