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Imaging the Lymph Nodes: CT, MRI, and PET

  • Chapter
Clinical Target Volumes in Conformal and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy

Part of the book series: Medical Radiology ((Med Radiol Radiat Oncol))

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Abstract

The detection of malignant lymph nodes remains a major challenge in spite of the marked improvement in currently available imaging modalities (Van den Brekel and Castelijns 1999). Cross-sectional techniques capable of 3D reconstruction such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are now in standard use for the radiological staging of nodal status. However in spite of improved technology regarding the speed of image acquisition, spatial resolution, 3D image post-processing and even tissue contrast modulation, their capacity for tissue characterization is limited (Carrington 1998). Integrating other modalities to obtain additional information on e.g. the vascular architecture of the nodes (color Doppler ultrasound), or on metabolic indexes such as glucose uptake [positron emission tomography (PET)] is essential to achieve increased sensitivity and specificity of the pre- and post-treatment nodal work-up of patients with neoplastic disease (Jabour et al. 1993; Moritz et al. 2000). Vast research areas are being explored in the field of MRI on intrinsic tissue parameter measurements and organ-targeted contrast agents (Anzai and Prince 1997; Dooms et al. 1985; Hoffman et al. 2000). The combined anatomical (CT/MR) and metabolic (PET) data provided in a single view through image fusion is being increasingly used, as this technological refinement has been reported to provide enhanced sensitivity and specificity thresholds in malignant lymph node depiction (Wahl et al. 1994).

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  1. Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate, 10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium

    E. E. Coche MD, T. Duprez MD & M. Lonneux MD, PhD

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  1. E. E. Coche MD
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  2. T. Duprez MD
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  3. M. Lonneux MD, PhD
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  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Université Catholique de Louvain Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, UCL 10/4752, 1200, Bruxelles, Belgium

    Vincent Grégoire MD, PhD  & Pierre Scalliet MD, PhD  & 

  2. Department of Radiation Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, 77030, Houston, TX, USA

    K. Kian Ang MD, PhD

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Coche, E.E., Duprez, T., Lonneux, M. (2004). Imaging the Lymph Nodes: CT, MRI, and PET. In: Grégoire, V., Scalliet, P., Ang, K.K. (eds) Clinical Target Volumes in Conformal and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06270-8_2

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