Abstract
Direct conversion of one somatic cell type into another represents a promising approach to obtain patient-specific cells for numerous applications. Here, we describe a method allowing the transdifferentiation of human postnatal fibroblasts into functional Schwann cells via a transient progenitor stage. The conversion process is solely based on chemical treatment and does not require the overexpression of ectopic genes. The resulting induced Schwann cells (iSCs) can be characterized by expression of Schwann cell-specific proteins and neuro-supportive and myelination capacity in vitro. This strategy allows to obtain mature Schwann cells from human fibroblasts under chemically defined conditions without the introduction of ectopic genes.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bhatheja K, Field J (2006) Schwann cells: origins and role in axonal maintenance and regeneration. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 38(12):1995–1999. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2006.05.007
Thoma EC, Merkl C, Heckel T et al (2014) Chemical conversion of human fibroblasts into functional Schwann cells. Stem Cell Rep 3(4):539–547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2014.07.014
Liu Q, Spusta SC, Mi R et al (2012) Human neural crest stem cells derived from human ESCs and induced pluripotent stem cells: induction, maintenance, and differentiation into functional Schwann cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 1(4):266–278. https://doi.org/10.5966/sctm.2011-0042
Casella GT, Bunge RP, Wood PM (1996) Improved method for harvesting human Schwann cells from mature peripheral nerve and expansion in vitro. Glia 17(4):327–338. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(199608)17:4<327::AID-GLIA7>3.0.CO;2-W
Chambers SM, Fasano CA, Papapetrou EP et al (2009) Highly efficient neural conversion of human ES and iPS cells by dual inhibition of SMAD signaling. Nat Biotechnol 27(3):275–280. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.1529
Patsch C, Challet-Meylan L, Thoma EC et al (2015) Generation of vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells from human pluripotent stem cells. Nat Cell Biol 17(8):994–1003. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb3205
Huangfu D, Maehr R, Guo W et al (2008) Induction of pluripotent stem cells by defined factors is greatly improved by small-molecule compounds. Nat Biotechnol 26(7):795–797. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt1418
Ladewig J, Mertens J, Kesavan J et al (2012) Small molecules enable highly efficient neuronal conversion of human fibroblasts. Nat Methods 9(6):575–578. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.1972
Graf M, Iacone R, EC Thoma (2015) Small molecule based conversion of somatic cells into neural crest cells. WO2015011031 A1, 29 Jan 2015
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Roche Postdoctoral Fellowship Program.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Thoma, E.C. (2018). Chemical Conversion of Human Fibroblasts into Functional Schwann Cells. In: Monje, P., Kim, H. (eds) Schwann Cells. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1739. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7649-2_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7649-2_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7648-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7649-2
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols