Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of premature death in diabetic patients, largely from uraemia and cardiovascular disease. Diabetic nephropathy develops in about 30% of people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The cumulative risk of nephropathy in people with non-insulin-dependent diabetes varies considerably with ethnic origin. It ranges from 25 % in individuals of European origin to around 50% in other ethnic groups such as the Afro-Caribbean, Asian Indians, and the Japanese. In the UK geographic areas at high density of these ethnic groups are likely to experience a higher incidence of renal disease. Asian Indians develop non-insulin-dependent diabetes more frequently and at a younger age than Europeans and Afro-Caribbean have a significantly higher frequency of arterial hypertension. All these factors are believed to contribute to their higher risk of kidney failure. Overall non-insulin-dependent diabetes is significantly more common than insulin-dependent diabetes and the number of non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients being accepted into renal replacement therapy (RRT) programmes is now equal, if not greater, than that of insulin-dependent diabetics. In Europe diabetes is the only increasing cause of end-stage renal failure and diabetic patients represent around 13 % of all patients receiving RRT. This percentage rises to approximately 30% in the United States of America. The cost of renal replacement therapy for end-stage diabetic renal failure in the United States was around $2 thousand million in 1991.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Viberti, G.C., Mogensen, C.E., Passa, P., Bilous, R., Mangili, R. (1994). St Vincent Declaration, 1994: Guidelines for the Prevention of Diabetic Renal Failure. In: Mogensen, C.E. (eds) The Kidney and Hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6746-9_48
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6746-9_48
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-6748-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-6746-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive