Abstract
Converting lignocellulosic biomass into biofuels compatible with the existing petroleum refinery infrastructure requires removal of oxygen from the carbohydrate and lignin-derived molecules. The necessary deoxygenation can be achieved through the rejection of water and carbon oxides which occurs at 4000-600C in the presence of catalysts. The yield of hydrocarbons could theoretically reach 35% of the biomass feedstock. So far, the highest yields achieved were in the range of 12-18%. The most promising deoxygenation catalysts belong to the group of medium-pore size zeolites such as ZSM-5. This chapter reviews the research in the field and provides numerous references to the original work in the area of catalytic pyrolysis of biomass. It also reports on some recent experimental results obtained at National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Mohan D, Pittman CU, Steele PH (2006) Pyrolysis of wood/biomass for bio-oil: a critical review. Energy Fuel 20:848–889
Czernik S, Bridgwater AV (2004) Overview of applications of biomass fast pyrolysis oil. Energy Fuels 18:590–598
Bridgwater AV (1996) Production of high grade fuels and chemicals from catalytic pyrolysis of biomass. Catal Today 29:285–295
Elliott DC (2007) Historical developments in hydroprocessing bio-oils. Energy Fuel 21:792–1815
Chang CD, Silvestri AJ (1977) The conversion of methanol and other O-compounds to hydrocarbons over zeolites catalysts. J Catal 47:249–259
Weisz PB, Hagg WO, Rodewald PG (1979) Catalytic production of high grade fuel (gasoline) from biomass compounds by shape-selective catalysis. Science 206:57–58
Chang CD, Lang WH (1975) U.S. Patent 3 894 103
Chantal PD, Kaliaguin S, Grandmaison JL, Mahay A (1984) Production of hydrocarbons from aspen poplar pyrolytic oils over H-ZSM5. Appl Catal 10:317–332
Chantal PD, Kaliaguin S, Grandmaison JL (1985) Appl Catal 18:133
Sharma RK, Bakhshi NN (1993) Catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis oil. Energy Fuels 7:306–314
Adjaye JD, Bakhshi NN (1995) Catalytic conversion of a biomass-derived oil for fuels and chemicals I: model compound studies and reaction pathways. Biomass & Bioenergy 8:131–149
Adjaye JD, Bakhshi NN (1995) Production of hydrocarbons by catalytic upgrading of fast pyrolysis bio-oil, part I: conversion over various catalysts. Fuel Process Technol 45:161–184
Adjaye JD, Bakhshi NN (1995) Production of hydrocarbons by catalytic upgrading of fast pyrolysis bio-oil, part II: comparative catalyst performance and reaction pathways. Fuel Process Technol 45:185–204
Samolada MC, Papafotica A, Vasalos IA (2000) Catalyst evaluation for catalytic biomass pyrolysis. Energy Fuel 14:1161–1167
Gayubo AG, Aguayo AT, Atutxa A, Aguado R, Bilbao J (2004) Transformation of oxygenate components of biomass pyrolysis oil on HZSM-5 zeolite. I. Alcohols and phenols. Ind Eng Chem Res 43:2610–2618
Gayubo AG, Aguayo AT, Atutxa A, Aguado R, Olazar M, Bilbao J (2004) Transformation of oxygenate components of biomass pyrolysis oil on HZSM-5 zeolite. II. Aldehydes, ketones, and acids. Ind Eng Chem Res 43:2619–2626
Corma A, Huber G, Sauvanaud L, O’Connor P (2007) Processing biomass-derived oxygenates in the oil refinery: catalytic cracking (FCC) reaction pathways and role of catalyst. J Catal 247: 307–327
Carlson TR, Vispute TP, Huber G (2008) Green gasoline by catalytic fast pyrolysis of solid biomass-derived compounds. ChemSusChem 1:397–400
Chen NY, Walsh DE, Koenig LR (1988) Fluidized upgrading of wood pyrolysis liquids and related compounds. In: Soltes EJ, Milne TA (eds) Pyrolysis liquids from biomass. ACS, Washington, DC, pp 277–289
Renaud M, Grandmaison JL, Roy C, Kaliaguine S (1988) Low-pressure upgrading of vacuum-pyrolysis oils from wood. In: Soltes EJ, Milne TA (eds) Pyrolysis liquids from biomass. ACS, Washington, DC, pp 290–310
Frankiewicz TC (1981) Process for converting oxygenated hydrocarbons into hydrocarbons, U.S. Patent 4 308 411
Diebold JP, Chum HL, Evans RJ, Milne, TA, Reed TB, Scahill JW (1987). Low-pressure upgrading of primary pyrolysis oils from biomass and organic wastes. In: X, Klass DL (ed) Energy from biomass and wastes X. IGT, Chicago, pp. 801–830
Diebold J, Scahill J (1988) Biomass to gasoline: upgrading pyrolysis vapors to aromatic gasoline with zeolites catalysis at atmospheric pressure. In: Soltes EJ, Milne TA (eds) Pyrolysis liquids from biomass. ACS, Washington, DC, pp 264–276
Diebold JP, Beckman D, Bridgwater AV, Elliott DC, Solantausta Y (1994) IEA Technoeconomic analysis of the thermochemical conversion of biomass to gasoline by the NREL process. In: Bridgwater AV (ed) Advances in thermochemical biomass conversion. Blackie, London, pp 1325–1342
Williams PT, Horne PA (1995) The influence of catalyst type on the composition of upgraded biomass pyrolysis oils. J Anal Appl Pyrol 31:39–61
Horne PA, Williams PT (1996) Upgrading of biomass-derived pyrolytic vapours over zeolite ZSM-5 catalyst: effect of catalyst dilution on product yields. Fuel 75:1043–1050
Lappas AA, Samolada MC, Iatridis DK, Voutetakis SS, Vasalos IA (2002) Biomass pyrolysis in a circulating fluid bed reactor for the production of fuels and chemicals. Fuel 81:2087–2095
Agblevor FA, Mante O, Abdoulmoumine N, McClung R (2010) Production of stable biomass pyrolysis oils using fractional catalytic pyrolysis. Energy Fuel 24:4087–4089
Agblevor FA, Beis S, Mante O, Abdoulmoumine N (2010) Fractional catalytic pyrolysis of hybrid poplar wood. Ind Eng Chem Res 49:3533–3538
French R, Czernik S (2010) Catalytic pyrolysis of biomass for biofuels production. Fuel Process Technol 91:25–32
Evans R, Milne T (1988) Molecular-beam, mass spectrometric studies of wood vapor and model compounds over an HSZM-5 catalyst. In: Soltes EJ, Milne TA (eds) Pyrolysis liquids from biomass. ACS, Washington, DC, pp 311–327
Zhang H, Xiao R, Huang H, Xiao G (2009) Comparison of non-catalytic and catalytic fast pyrolysis of corncob in a fluidized bed reactor. Biores Technol 100:1428–1434
Aho A, Kumar N, Eranen K, Salmi T, Hupa MM, Murzin DY (2008) Catalytic pyrolysis of woody biomass in a fluidized bed reactor: influence of the zeolite structure. Fuel 87:2493–2501
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Czernik, S. (2013). Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biomass. In: Lee, J. (eds) Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3348-4_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3348-4_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-3347-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-3348-4
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)