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Weather Prediction

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Encyclopedia of Remote Sensing

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series ((EESS))

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Synonyms

Weather forecasting

Definition

Weather. State of the atmosphere and its day-to-day variation, mostly described by temperature, wind, cloudiness, and precipitation.

Weather Prediction . Prediction of weather at a given time and location using numerical models and observations.

Numerical atmospheric modeling

Numerical models are used to simulate the evolution of all those processes in the atmosphere and at surfaces that affect the atmospheric state. Increasingly, these models add complexity to the modeled components of atmosphere and surfaces that go beyond the basic formulation of mass, heat, and momentum transport. With increasing complexity of the models, a wider range of spatial and temporal process scales has to be accounted for and the diversity and nonlinearity of the modeled processes increases as well (Kalnay, 2003).

In many applications, numerical models or model output are combined, for example, by nesting smaller-scale models into larger-scale models; by coupling of...

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Abbreviations

4D-Var:

Four-Dimensional Variational Assimilation

AIRS:

Atmospheric Infrared Sounder

IASI:

Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer

ATOVS:

Advanced TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder

TOVS:

TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder

HIRS:

High-Resolution Infrared Sounder

AMSU-A:

Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit A

AMSU-B:

Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit B

MHS:

Microwave Humidity Sounder

SSM/I:

Special Sensor Microwave/Imager

SSMIS:

Special Sensor Microwave Imager Sounder

TMI:

TRMM Microwave Imager

TRMM:

Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission

AMSR-E:

Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer E

METOP:

Meteorological Operational Polar satellite

EPS:

EUMETSAT Polar System

NOAA:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

GNSS:

Global Navigation Satellite System

GRAS:

GNSS Receiver for Atmospheric Sounding

CHAMP:

Challenging Minisatellite Payload

GPS:

Global Positioning System

NWP:

Numerical Weather Prediction

ERA:

ECMWF Reanalysis

ECMWF:

European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts

SMOS:

Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity

EOS:

Earth Observing System

COSMIC:

Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate

OSE:

Observing System Experiment

OSSE:

Observing System Simulation Experiment

Suomi NPP:

Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership

CrIS:

Cross-track Infrared Sounder

GCOM-W:

Global Change Observation Mission - Water

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Reading, Venezuela

    Peter Bauer

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  1. Peter Bauer
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA

    Eni G. Njoku

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Bauer, P. (2014). Weather Prediction. In: Njoku, E.G. (eds) Encyclopedia of Remote Sensing. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-36699-9_195

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