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Photo-Fenton Treatment of a Pharmaceutical Industrial Effluent Under Safe pH Conditions

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Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Water

Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC,volume 96))

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Abstract

This chapter aims to present the effect of treating a pharmaceutical industrial effluent by photo-Fenton catalyzed with a Fe-pillared bentonite. XRD proved the pillaring process successful, and by N2 physisorption, it was established that the specific surface area of bentonite (34 m2/g) increased to 277 m2/g and pore volume increased from 0.058 to 0.106 cm3/g. Active Fe species were identified by Mössbauer spectroscopy. The effect of reaction variables such as catalyst loading, pH, H2O2 concentration, and initial concentration of total organic carbon (TOC) is also presented. It was concluded that to reach near 100% mineralization, an acidic pH (2.7) should be observed. A high mineralization under these conditions, however, does not directly correlate with a low toxicity. Actually, the oxidative stress biomarkers only decreased when pH was not modified (pH = 8) albeit the attained mineralization was only 51%. It is worth noticing that the use of pillared clays allows carrying out photo-Fenton treatment under pH conditions other than acidic. The synthesized catalyst exhibited magnetism and this can be used for an easier recovery.

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Acknowledgments

A. Mendoza thanks CONACYT for grant 290817 to conduct postgraduate studies. R. Romero is grateful to CONACYT for their financial support through grant 266149. CONACYT is also acknowledged for grant 269093. Dr. Uvaldo Hernández, M. Osmín Avilés Garcia, and M.C.Q. Eduardo Martín del Campo are acknowledged for their support on Fe-PILC characterization. Citlalit Martinez Soto is also acknowledged for technical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical Engineering Lab., Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico

    Reyna Natividad, Arisbeth Mendoza & Rubi Romero

  2. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, BC, Canada

    Sharon E. Brewer

  3. Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón Esq. Paseo Tollocan, Toluca, Mexico

    Sandra Luz Martínez-Vargas, Karen Adriana Novoa & Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván

  4. Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ciudad de México, Mexico

    J. L. Pérez-Mazariego

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  1. Reyna Natividad
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  2. Arisbeth Mendoza
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Correspondence to Rubi Romero .

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  1. Environmental Toxicology Lab, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico

    Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván

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Natividad, R. et al. (2020). Photo-Fenton Treatment of a Pharmaceutical Industrial Effluent Under Safe pH Conditions. In: Gómez-Oliván, L.M. (eds) Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Water. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 96. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2020_551

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