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Introduction to Carbon Nanotubes

  • Reference work entry
Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes are among the amazing objects that science sometimes creates by accident, without meaning to, but that will likely revolutionize the technological landscape of the century ahead. Our society stands to be significantly influenced by carbon nanotubes, shaped by nanotube applications in every aspect, just as silicon-based technology still shapes society today. The world already dreams of space-elevators tethered by the strongest of cables, hydrogen-powered vehicles, artificial muscles, and so on – feasts that would be made possible by the emerging carbon nanotube science.

Of course, nothing is set in stone yet. We are still at the stage of possibilities and potential. The recent example of fullerenes – molecules closely related to nanotubes, whose importance was so anticipated that their discovery in 1985 brought a Nobel Prize to their finders in 1996 although few related applications have actually yet reached the market – teaches us to play the game of enthusiastic predictions with some caution. But in the case of carbon nanotubes, expectations are high. Taking again the example of electronics, the miniaturization of chips is about to reach its lowest limits. Are we going to accept that our video camera, computers, and cellular phones no longer decrease in size and increase in memory every six months? Surely not. Always going deeper, farther, smaller, higher is a characteristic unique to humankind, and which helps to explain its domination of the living world on earth. Carbon nanotubes can help us fulfill our expectation of constant technological progress as a source of better living.

In this chapter, after the structure, synthesis methods, growth mechanisms, and properties of carbon nanotubes will be described, an entire section will be devoted to nanotube-related nano-objects. Indeed, should pristine nanotubes reach any limitation in some area, their ready and close association to foreign atoms, molecules, and compounds offers the prospect of an even magnified set of properties. Finally, we will describe carbon nanotube applications supporting the idea that the future for the science and technology of carbon nanotubes looks very promising.

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Abbreviations

AFM:

atomic force microscope/microscopy

BSA:

bovine serum albumin

CCVD:

catalytic chemical vapor deposition

CFM:

chemical force microscopy

CNT:

carbon nanotube

CVD:

chemical vapor deposition

DFT:

density functional theory

DOS:

density of states

DWNTs:

double-wall nanotubes

EDC:

1-ethyl-3-(3-diamethylaminoprophyl) carbodiimide

FET:

field-effect transistor

PMMA:

poly(methylmethacrylate)

SEM:

scanning electron microscope/microscopy

SPM:

scanning probe microscopy

SPS:

spark plasma sintering

SWNT:

single-wall nanotubes

TEM:

transmission electron microscopy

TGA:

thermo-gravimetric analysis

VLS:

vapor-liquid-solid

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

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  1. Centre d'Elaboration des Matériaux et d'Etudes Structurales (CEMES), UPR A-8011 CNRS, 29 Rue Jeanne Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France

    Marc Monthioux Prof.

  2. Laboratoire de Catalyse, Chimie Fine et Polymères, Ecole Nationale Supèrieure d'Ingénieurs en Arts Chimiques et Technologiques, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, France

    Philippe Serp Dr.

  3. CIRIMAT (Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux), Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France

    Emmanuel Flahaut Dr.

  4. Centre de Physique des Plasmas et leurs Applications (CPPAT), Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France

    Manitra Razafinimanana Prof. Dr.

  5. CIRIMAT (Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux), Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France

    Christophe Laurent Dr.

  6. CIRIMAT (Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherches et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux) – UMR CNRS 5085, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France

    Alain Peigney Dr.

  7. Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPST), Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France

    Wolfgang Bacsa Prof. Dr.

  8. Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Pulsés (LNCMP), University Toulouse III, 143 Avenue de Rangueil, 31432, Toulouse, France

    Jean-Marc Broto Prof.

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  1. Nanotribology Laboratory for Information Storage and MEMS/NEMS, The Ohio State University, 206 W. 18th Avenue, 43210-1107, Columbus, OH, USA

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Monthioux, M. et al. (2004). Introduction to Carbon Nanotubes. In: Bhushan, B. (eds) Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-29838-X_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-29838-X_3

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