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Acquired Genetic and Epigenetic Variation in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Engineering and Application of Pluripotent Stem Cells

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 163))

Abstract

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can acquire non-random genomic variation during culture. Some of these changes are common in tumours and confer a selective growth advantage in culture. Additionally, there is evidence that reprogramming of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) introduces mutations. This poses a challenge to both the safety of clinical applications and the reliability of basic research using hPSCs carrying genomic variation. A number of methods are available for monitoring the genomic integrity of hPSCs, and a balance between practicality and sensitivity must be considered in choosing the appropriate methods for each use of hPSCs. Adjusting protocols by which hPSCs are derived and cultured is an evolving process that is important in minimising acquired genomic variation. Assessing genetic variation for its potential impact is becoming increasingly important as techniques to detect genome-wide variation improve.

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Abbreviations

aCGH:

array comparative genome hybridisation

CNV:

Copy number variation

FISH:

Fluorescent in situ hybridisation

hESC:

Human embryonic stem cell

hiPSC:

Human induced pluripotent stem cell

hPSC:

Human pluripotent stem cell

NGS:

Next-generation sequencing

qPCR:

Quantitative polymerase chain reaction

SNP:

Single nucleotide polymorphism

TGCT:

Testicular germ cell tumour

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Acknowledgement

This project received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 668724.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Department Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK

    O. Kyriakides, J. A. Halliwell & P. W. Andrews

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  1. O. Kyriakides
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  2. J. A. Halliwell
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  3. P. W. Andrews
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Correspondence to P. W. Andrews .

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  1. Leibniz Research Labs for Biotechnology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany

    Ulrich Martin

  2. Leibniz Research Labs for Biotechnology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany

    Robert Zweigerdt

  3. Leibniz Research Labs for Biotechnology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany

    Ina Gruh

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Kyriakides, O., Halliwell, J.A., Andrews, P.W. (2017). Acquired Genetic and Epigenetic Variation in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. In: Martin, U., Zweigerdt, R., Gruh, I. (eds) Engineering and Application of Pluripotent Stem Cells. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 163. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2017_22

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