Conventional time sections suffer from distortions and artifacts. Migration aims at correcting two of them: the misplacement of reflections in the section and the interference of diffractions with large parts of the display. It will be seen that, roughly speaking, the same cause, diffraction, can be considered as the cause for both these phenomena and therefore can be assigned the role of the villain of the piece. Consequently, the touchstone for an efficient action of a migration processing will be whether it is able to do a good job of focusing the hyperbolic-looking figures due to point diffractors.
Distortion of Seismic Images
Let us for simplicity consider seismic recordings performed with “zero offset,” that is, with coincident sources and receivers. In such a situation, the waves strike all reflecting surfaces at normal incidence. It follows that, should there be even slight dips, the corresponding reflection points are not going to be located on the vertical of the shot point....
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© 1989 Van Nostrand Reinhold
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Grau, G., Lailly, P. (1989). Seismic wavefield migration . In: Geophysics. Encyclopedia of Earth Science. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30752-4_139
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30752-4_139
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